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Blowing fans for low power boilers. Domains. Fans for solid fuel and gas boilers

Smoke exhauster designed to create artificial thrust and remove combustion products into the atmosphere. The smoke exhausters are produced in the following brands: D - 8; D - 10; D - 12; D - 13.5; D - 15.5; D - 18; D - 20. In the designation: letter D - smoke exhauster, the figure indicates the diameter of the impeller in decimeters.

Flue gases are fed through the suction inlet 10 to the central part of the rotor 5 rotating at high frequency in bearings 3 outside the casing, which is a spiral chamber.

The smoke exhauster rotor is a device consisting of a disc 6 around the circumference of which the blades are welded or attached 7 .

The disc is mounted on the hub 15 through which the shaft passes 16 ... shoulder blades 7 rotor 5 gases are taken from the internal cavity of the smoke exhauster and thrown into the shell, from where through the outlet pipe 8 (diffuser) are discharged into the chimney 19 .

Flue gases from the smoke exhauster 21 must pass through an expanding pipe with a small opening angle. To regulate the performance of the smoke exhausters, rotary blades are located in the inlet pipe 12 with manual control.

Smoke extraction system for a small boiler room, connected to the base of an iron chimney (Figure 3.14, b), consists of a smoke exhauster 21 , smoke dampers 18 , chimney 19 .

Gases sucked in from the boiler with a smoke exhauster through a diffuser 20 thrown into the pipe 19 ... Dampers 18 placed so that gases can be passed by the smoke exhauster, directly into the pipe.

TO design features smoke exhausters include:

o casing, impeller, impeller hub, guide vane are made of heat-resistant steel, this is due to the fact that the smoke exhausters are designed to operate at a gas temperature of 200-250 ° C;

o in the oil bath there is a coil with a water supply for oil cooling;

o The body of the exhauster must be covered with thermal insulation.

Load regulation is carried out using a guide vane. It allows for a smooth regulation of the pressure, due to which the power consumption for the drive of the smoke exhauster at low boiler loads is significantly reduced.

Figure 3.14 - Diagrams of the smoke exhaust system:

a- with a fan, b- with an iron chimney;

1- electric motor, 2- clutch,

3 and 4- bearings, 5- rotor,

6- disc, 7- blades (impeller),

8 and 10 - outlet and inlet branch pipes,

9- blade rotation handle,

11- central divider,

12, 13 and 18 - rotary blades of the mechanism and dampers, 14 - snail, 15 - bushing, 16 - shaft, 17 - burs,

19- chimney, 20- diffuser, 21- smoke exhauster.

Blower fan designed to supply air to the boiler furnace with artificial draft.

The blower fan consists of the following units: a running gear, a volute-shaped casing with suction and discharge nozzles, an impeller and a guide vane.

Chassis 7 consists of a shaft that rotates on two ball or roller bearings. The entire undercarriage is housed in an oil bath that has a cover and sump. The oil bath is filled with spindle or turbine oil. Oil temperature is checked with a thermometer 12 , and the level - according to the oil level indicator 13 which is placed in an oil bath. To cool the oil, water is supplied through the pipe 14 .

Impeller 3is a device consisting of a disk to which blades are welded or riveted, the ends of which are connected by a ring. A sleeve (hub) is welded to the disk, with which the disk is fixed to the shaft.

When the fan impeller rotates, a vacuum is generated in the center of the impeller. The air is supplied through the duct to the center of the wheel and, due to the centrifugal force, is thrown from the center to the periphery, injected into the duct and then fed to the burners and into the boiler furnace.

Figure 3.15 - Blower fan:

1 - volute-shaped body, 2 - gasket, 3 - impeller, 4 - guide vanes, 5, 6 - sealing glands, 7 - undercarriage, 8 - eye bolt, 9 - coupling; 10 - electric motor, 11 - shaft, 12 - thermometer, 13 - oil level indicator, 14 - water inlet for cooling oil in the chassis.

Guide apparatus (Figure 3.16) is installed in front of the fan on the suction pipe and consists of a metal pipe with flanges, inside which there are rotary blades 2. All blades have a common turning mechanism, with which they can turn simultaneously at the same angle. The blades are designed in such a way that they pre-spin the air flow in the same direction as the fan rotor rotates, thereby reducing the air resistance.

Figure 3.16 - Diagram of the guide vane device:

1 - guide vane casing, 2 - rotary blades, 3 - drive, 4 - smoke exhauster casing, 5 - remote control column.

The most widespread are centrifugal blowing fans, which are produced in the following brands: VD - 6; VD - 8; VD - 10; VD - 12; VD - 13.5; VD - 15.5; VD - 18; VD - 20, where V is the fan, D is the blower, the figure indicates the diameter of the impeller in decimeters.

A blower fan, as a rule, is chosen in terms of performance less than a smoke exhauster, since there is less air in volume than combustion products.

Now we will figure out the types and how to choose the right fan for a gas or solid fuel boiler, as well as their purpose.

The fan is one of the main elements in the device of solid fuel and turbocharged gas heating equipment.

Its main purpose in gas turbo boilers is the forced removal of combustion products and air supply to the combustion chamber, in solid fuel boilers - forcing the air flow into the combustion chamber. Thanks to this, the optimal mode and combustion rate are maintained, and efficiency boiler.

Fan for gas boiler Baxi

Fan for solid fuel boiler

In terms of parameters and functional characteristics, fans for solid fuel boilers are divided into the following types:

devices with electrically commutated motors (EC);
fans equipped with synchronous motors;
asynchronous motor blowers.

Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages:

Electrically commutated motor. This device is capable of independently changing the number of revolutions, having previously received a corresponding signal from the control unit, and also has a wide range of fan operation adjustment. However, the device has a number of disadvantages - it is not compatible with most of the temperature regulators produced by domestic manufacturers, and besides, this technique has a high price.
Fan with synchronous motor. The device is simple to manufacture and has a low price. But this type of fan also has a number of disadvantages. For example, a small adjustment range and minimum torque during start.
The induction motor has many advantages. First of all, it is simple and easy to use. Secondly, it has a reliable design. However, there is also a drawback - high starting currents.

Device

Any blower fan, regardless of which country it is manufactured in, consists of a metal case, and inside it is an electric motor. Also, an important part of the blower fan is the blades, which are protected by a safety grid. The structure of the device is not complicated, but at the same time it is reliable.

This is ensured by its robust housing, high operating temperature and reliable motor manufacturer. Vulnerable elements and parts are protected by a grill. The blower fan is lightweight, so there are no installation problems.

Fan for solid fuel boiler

On the Russian market, you can find fans for solid fuel boilers from the following manufacturers:

Forcing centrifugal fan (turbine) WPA of various modifications. Manufacturer - polish company MplusM... This company specializes in the production of turbines for solid fuel boilers. The model is in stable demand in the Russian market, as it is characterized by high quality and good reliability.
NWS fan of various modifications. Production - Nowosolar (Poland). Purpose - forcing air into the combustion chamber. This increases the efficiency of burning fuel in the combustion chamber.

How to choose the right

The performance of a solid fuel boiler is largely determined by a properly selected fan. What does this mean?

Let's consider several situations:

If a fan is installed that supplies a lower volume of required air, then the fuel will not be burned completely. As a result, the boiler power decreases and the rated temperature is not reached.
If a fan is installed that supplies a larger volume of the required air, then the solid fuel boiler will quickly gain temperature, and the fan will constantly turn on and off. As a result, fan breakdown is inevitable, the chimney will be constantly hot, and heat will go through it.

There is only one way out - to choose the right blower fan.

The table shows options for installed fans on solid fuel boilers of various capacities.

Fan model	The volume of the supplied air, m³	Boiler power on dry wood, kW	Boiler power on Anthracite coal, kW
WPA X2	285	62	32
WPA 07	160	35	18
WPA 06	255	55	28
WPA 117	180	39	20
WPA 120	285	62	32
WPA 140	395	86	44
WPA 145	505	110	56
WPA 160	600	130	67
NWS 75	205	45	23
NWS 79	205	45	23
NWS 100	240	52	27

Gas boiler fan

Combustion units are equipped with a coaxial ventilation duct. Combustion products are removed through it and air is supplied from the street at the same time.

They use a forced draft blower. He is responsible for the intake of air and the removal of combustion products.

The power of the turbo boiler fan depends on the power of the gas boiler.

The fan is located above the combustion chamber: in the upper part of the boiler. It creates a vacuum, as a result of which air is sucked into the combustion chamber.

There are two tubes mounted to the fan casing: a venturi tube, a pitot tube. With these devices, dynamic and static pressure can be measured.

Hoses run from the venturi and are connected to the pressure switch.

Designed to regulate the smoke exhaust process and control the functionality of the fan. Pressostat (air pressure switch)

The operation of turbocharged boilers is as follows:

The connection of boilers with a closed combustion chamber is made to, which is arranged according to the principle: a pipe in a pipe, or to a two-pipe system - where one channel removes smoke, the other takes air from the street.
The combustion products are discharged through an inner tube.
The outer cavity in the separate chimney of a turbocharged gas boiler is connected to an air duct that supplies oxygen to the combustion chamber.

Thus, the boiler fan is designed to ensure the smooth operation of the heating system in the house.

Heating equipment has many classifications. One of the principal signs of separation is the type of combustion products removal. In particular, there are units with direct and closed smoke exhaust. In the first case, natural combustion is removed through a special channel connected to the equipment through a branch pipe, and the second option does not provide for a system for removing combustion products at all. This function is implemented in a third-party mode by separate installations. Usually it is performed by smoke exhausters and fans for boilers, which forcibly remove the same smoke, cleaning the air in the room.

Auxiliary equipment for heating systems

The technical organization of the boiler operation implies the use of a group of draft machines. Such units are designed to ensure the optimal operating condition of the heating equipment with the elimination of the risks of overheating and the removal of combustion products, if connection to the air outlet is meant. At the same time, smoke exhausters and fans for boilers are distinguished, the functions of which may differ.

In the practice of using boilers with such equipment, several positive effects stand out. The main one is the possibility of maximum combustion of gas mixtures. Modern models of heating systems, in some versions, provide for pyrolysis systems, which provide double combustion of fuel with the release of a larger amount of heat. In turn, the fan for the boiler in the natural mode of operation provides the same principle, ultimately reducing the financial costs of operating the equipment.

How does a fan work?

The classic design of fans for heating equipment provides for the presence of a motor, retractor cups, an impeller and, of course, a housing that protects the filling from damage. Also in the device, mechanical parts play an important role, realizing the movement of the working parts of the installation. For example, the fan of a gas boiler is supplied with a whole group of bearings. Actually, problems in this part are the most common and arise due to poor-quality installation. Experts also note the importance of the impeller itself, which must be firmly fixed and protected from foreign objects, including debris.

Fan types

There are two design concepts for this type of fan. They are centrifugal and traditional models with pumping effect. Two fans differ in the way of supplying air masses. The first option is considered universal and suitable for most. The second solution in modern designs is more functional. Such a fan for a solid fuel boiler is installed on the ash pan door and provides an effective forced air flow. This scheme of work allows the user to rationally use the potential of the structure in terms of air injection, while maintaining the possibility of optimal regulation of the oxygen volumes entering directly into the combustion chamber.

Main characteristics

The efficiency of the blowing equipment is evaluated according to three main characteristics - productivity, power and pressure level. In terms of capacity, it can have up to 10 m 3 / h. That is, this is the volume of air mass released over one hour. True, most of the standard models provide only 3-4 m 3 / h. This value is directly related to the power of the installation, which on average varies from 5 to 10 kW. But the quality of the function will also depend on the engine speed - on average 1000 rpm.

As for the pressure, the indicators here are also quite dense - at least in the middle segment. For example, a small boiler fan is capable of delivering 50-60 daPa. Another thing is that high-performance industrial systems can operate in modes of 200-300 daPa.

How to choose a fan?

Technical parameters are the primary criterion for selecting the optimal system. Next, refer to the functionality of the unit and the design. It has already been noted that draft equipment may fail due to, at first glance, minor installation errors. The quality of installation and adjustment directly depends on the reliability of the basic structure of the structure - from the body to parts from the element base. Therefore, when choosing a fan for a boiler, one should closely approach the analysis of the assembly quality, the materials used and other properties of the equipment that affect the mechanical resistance. In addition, it makes sense to evaluate the capabilities of the unit in conjunction with automatic systems. Programmable relays with pluggable configuration programs today cover not only boiler stations, but also related technical equipment. Moreover, in the case of combining two units into one system, the task of interaction between their functions is simplified as a result of processing adjacent operating parameters.

How much does a boiler fan cost?

The cost is formed by several factors, but mainly the size of the installation, the quality of the element base, the characteristics of the power plant, etc. are taken into account. The most affordable solutions in this segment can be purchased for 5-10 thousand rubles. Of course, we are talking about products of optimal quality by modern standards. For example, a fan for a WPA boiler with a capacity of 50 kW can be purchased for 7 thousand rubles. More productive models from the industrial segment are also available for 20 thousand rubles, but in this case we are talking about units, the function of which is calculated on an area of \u200b\u200babout 500-600 m 2.

Conclusion

Boiler equipment manufacturers strive to optimize additional functionality as much as possible already in basic designs. But, as practice shows, individual components are not only more efficient, but also more reliable during operation. Even a typical blower fan outperforms built-in draft control mechanisms due to high maintenance volumes. Another thing is that auxiliary equipment can become a burden on the heating complex, necessitating the use of additional maintenance measures. But this cannot be said about the convenience of the regulation process itself. Especially when it comes to automated systems, the operation of which is greatly simplified.

Previously, traction and blowing fans were used only in industrial boiler plants. The former are placed inside the chimney and create a vacuum, the latter pump air into the firebox. Gradually, the units migrated to the domestic sphere - manufacturers began to equip heaters with a closed combustion chamber with turbines. The idea was picked up by home craftsmen, because a smoke exhauster for a solid fuel boiler is able to solve the problem of poor draft in the exhaust pipe. Let's see if forced extraction of combustion products is always necessary.

The factory-made exhaust fan includes the following elements (the device is shown in the diagram, the positions coincide with the paragraphs):

Heat-resistant metal impeller with blades bent at 90 ° relative to the impeller.
Fastening plate.
Low performance electric motor (20 ... 50 W).
Power cable connector.
Control panel with controls and controls.
The bulb and capillary tube of the temperature sensor connected to the emergency thermostat.
Power cord with plug.

Note. As an example, the Kalvis DM-01 boiler smoke extractor is taken. The design of other types of fans differs in the shape of the case - a volute, a box, a hemispherical landing platform. The set of parts is similar.

The unit is attached to a special box located on the rear panel of the domestic TT boiler next to the chimney pipe. The temperature sensor bulb is inserted into the immersion well of the water jacket, the control panel is placed separately.

The principle of operation of the smoke exhauster consists in the forced removal of high-temperature gases from the fire-tube heat exchanger of the boiler into the chimney. The algorithm looks like this:

The firebox is filled with firewood, firing is performed.
The loading door is locked, the blower door is opened. The fan is turned on with a key on the remote control, then the performance is adjusted.
When the heating system and the chimney are warmed up, the impeller speed is manually reduced to a minimum. If the heat generator has enough natural draft, it is recommended to turn off the smoke exhauster.
When the coolant heats up to a critical temperature of 100 ° C or more, an emergency thermostat is triggered at the command of the sensor, turning off the fan automatically.

The scheme of the boiler smoke exhauster

Reference. On TT boilers equipped with an automatic draft regulator, you do not need to open the ash pan door. The thermostat by means of a chain will open the air supply damper to the required angle.

High or low performance of the traction fan is set individually depending on the quality of solid fuel, combustion mode and the degree of heating of the chimney. The main thing is to avoid the accumulation and seepage of smoke into the room.

It is also impossible to overdo it with revolutions - the lion's share of the heat will go into the pipe. Before opening the door and reloading, it is better to increase the rotation speed to the maximum.

The ready-made fan block of the famous Russian brand Zota is mounted on wood-burning heaters with rear gas outlet

For solid fuel boilers and wood-burning fireplaces, several types of smoke exhausters are sold:

boiler room (the design is discussed above);
centrifugal channel;
overhead;
fireplace / stove (aka roof).

Various nozzles that improve natural draft should not be attributed to smoke exhausters - deflectors, round rotary elements and rotating weather vane. The efficiency of these hoods depends on the wind load, which changes with the weather.

Varieties of duct smoke exhausters, some models are equipped with temperature sensors

The duct fan has its own casing with two connecting flanges or branch pipes. The unit is installed vertically or horizontally in a chimney rupture. The device and the principle of operation are similar to the operation of a boiler hood.

The overhead smoke exhauster for a household boiler is equipped with a semicircular platform and clamps - ties. Installation is carried out on a vertical section of the chimney (not insulated):

An opening is cut out in the pipe using a paper template.
The impeller of the traction machine is inserted into the hole, the platform with the electric motor is pressed against the surface by the clamps.
The connection is sealed by means of an asbestos cord glued to the inside of the fume exhauster mounting platform.

Note. The overlay is matched to the diameter of the flue pipe. The installation process is demonstrated in the video.

Electric fireplace extractors are mounted on the head of a brick chimney and are fastened with expansion bolts. The power cable is routed through a pipe and inserted into the room next to the home stove.

To choose a traction machine, you need to be guided by 3 criteria:

power of the heat generator, models of smoke exhausters, the capacity of boilers is calculated to 20, 30, 50 and 100 kW;
the installation point is on the boiler itself, pipe or head;
for overhead models - the diameter of the non-insulated gas duct.

Overhead (left) and roof exhauster (right)

When you need a smoke exhauster

Manufacturers of heating equipment complete their products with traction fans due to the increased resistance of the heat exchanger, where the gases change their direction of movement through the fire tubes several times. The goal is to select the maximum heat from the combustion products and increase the efficiency of the boiler plant.

Nuance: the operation of the smoke exhauster in the factory-complete boiler is coordinated with the combustion process and is controlled by an electronic unit. When installing the fan unit on a "brainless" heater, such consistency is excluded, you need to buy an automation unit or adjust the speed manually.

Organize supply ventilation in the boiler room, and only then think about purchasing a smoke exhauster

We list the situations when the smoke exhauster will help to improve the operation and maintenance of a solid fuel heat generator:

traction problems - blowing out by the wind, air jams in the gas duct, many turns, narrowing of the diameter;
due to the design features, the boiler smokes into the room when the door is opened;
the height of the chimney is insufficient or the cut of the chimney has fallen into the zone of the wind support behind the roof ridge or other building;
cracks have appeared in the brick pipe, from where smoke seeps.

An important point. Not a single fan will save the day if there is no inflow from the street in the boiler room. At first, a running impeller will create a slight vacuum, but then the blades will stir the air in place. Supply ventilation is a prerequisite for the normal operation of any heater.

Mine heat generator V.G. Kholmov is better to operate with a traction fan

Some designs of wood-fired boilers (for example, mine type) tend to emit smoke through an open loading hatch. A similar picture is observed in heat generators with a three-way high-resistance fire-tube heat exchanger. The solution to the problem is to install a traction or blowing machine controlled by a controller.

Strengthening natural draft with the help of a smoke exhauster also has a downside. If, after warming up the pipe, the natural exhaust has not been restored, the unit cannot be turned off - you can burn out. Now imagine that the power supply is cut off in the middle of the night, the fan stops. While the chain thermostat closes the damper, smoke will fill the boiler room.

Which is better - a smoke exhauster or a blower?

When the traction turbine is integrated into the heat generator by the manufacturer, such questions do not arise. Adding an exhaust fan to a conventional direct fired boiler is another matter. It should be understood that in this case, the smoke exhauster solves only one problem - creating a vacuum in the furnace and increasing the draft. There are a number of negative points here:

Without an electronic control unit, performance will have to be adjusted manually. Automatic maintenance of the coolant temperature is excluded.
When air is supplied through the open ash chamber door, the fan will make the boiler work at maximum. Setting up a long burn mode will not be easy.
In the event of an emergency stop of the impeller, fuel combustion will not stop, since the gases freely pass through the volute or the smoke exhauster housing. Air enters the firebox, the probability of overheating increases.
The impeller and the inside of the unit are covered with soot, which must be removed. The sticking speed depends on the moisture content and resin content of the wood.

Comment. We do not mention the power consumption of the fan. The consumption is relatively low and will not have a significant impact on the total cost of heating.

The disadvantages described in points 1 and 2 are eliminated by switching the exhaust fan with a controller that controls the impeller speed and the temperature of the water jacket. Electronic blocks can be purchased for 50-100 USD. e.

The blowing machines always work in conjunction with the controller, so there are no problems listed above:

the blower changes the capacity and turns off at the command of the control unit, the coolant heats up to the set temperature;
during combustion, the ash pan door is hermetically closed, air is supplied through a separate channel;
in the event of a power outage, the air channel is automatically closed by a gravitational flap;
the impeller blades are not in contact with hot smoke and soot.

Reference. In pyrolysis boilers, pressurization is always used, since the operation of this type of heater is based on forced air injection.

Now let's compare the cost of a traction and blower fan, excluding the price of the controller. A smoke exhauster for a TT-boiler up to 30 kW will cost 90 cu. e., supercharger - 60-65 cu. e. The difference is due to the design features of the exhaust unit - hot gases should not overheat the electric motor, plus the impeller is made of metal (when pressurized, it is made of plastic).

There is a small impeller behind the mounting flange of the unit, designed to cool the electric motor

In terms of the complexity of the installation, the units are approximately the same. Installation of the pumping snail involves cutting out the opening in the ash pan door, the smoke exhauster - disassembling or cutting out the pipe. It is easier to install a roof hood, but you have to pull a long cable.

Brief conclusion: install the smoke exhauster only if necessary, or better - correct the mistakes made during the construction of the gas duct. Add electronically controlled turbocharging as desired - the system will automate and secure the combustion process.

How to make an exhaust unit

The main difficulty in assembling a smoke exhauster with your own hands is making a balanced impeller, the rest of the details are not difficult for a home craftsman who owns welding. If the impeller blades are different in weight, the normal fan noise will turn into a rumble due to vibration.

In addition to the blades, you will need the following items:

electric motor with power up to 150 W, maximum shaft speed - 1400 rpm;
snail or homemade box shown in the drawing;
shaft with ventilation holes or additional cooling impeller;
studs with M8 nuts and other fasteners;
power cable.

We offer ordinary homeowners the least thorny path - to buy a factory electric motor with an impeller and a cooling impeller, weld a box and assemble a fully functional duct exhauster. How to do it correctly, look at the video.

Conclusion

The creation of an artificial vacuum using a smoke exhauster is rarely practiced in household boilers that burn solid fuels. The technical solution increases the cost of the structure and creates operational problems. Before installing the traction unit, remember what fuel you used earlier. If you plan to burn damp wood, agricultural waste or low-quality briquettes, forget about the exhaust fan - you will have to clean it weekly. Better install a blower with a control box.

otivent.com

Fans for solid fuel and gas boilers

The fan is one of the main elements in the device of solid fuel and turbocharged gas heating equipment.

Fan for gas boiler Baxi

Fan for solid fuel boiler

In terms of parameters and functional characteristics, fans for solid fuel boilers are divided into the following types:

devices with electrically commutated motors (EC);
fans equipped with synchronous motors;
asynchronous motor blowers.

Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages:

Electrically commutated motor. This device is capable of independently changing the number of revolutions, having previously received a corresponding signal from the control unit, and also has a wide range of fan operation adjustment. However, the device has a number of disadvantages - it is not compatible with most of the temperature regulators produced by domestic manufacturers, and besides, this technique has a high price.
Fan with synchronous motor. The device is simple to manufacture and has a low price. But this type of fan also has a number of disadvantages. For example, a small adjustment range and minimum torque during start.
The induction motor has many advantages. First of all, it is simple and easy to use. Secondly, it has a reliable design. However, there is also a drawback - high starting currents.

Device

Fan for solid fuel boiler

On the Russian market, you can find fans for solid fuel boilers from the following manufacturers:

Forcing centrifugal fan (turbine) WPA of various modifications. Manufacturer - Polish company MplusM. This company specializes in the production of turbines for solid fuel boilers. The model is in stable demand in the Russian market, as it is characterized by high quality and good reliability.
NWS fan of various modifications. Production - Nowosolar (Poland). Purpose - forcing air into the combustion chamber. This increases the efficiency of burning fuel in the combustion chamber.

How to choose the right

The performance of a solid fuel boiler is largely determined by a properly selected fan. What does this mean?

Let's consider several situations:

If a fan is installed that supplies a lower volume of required air, then the fuel will not be burned completely. As a result, the boiler power decreases and the rated temperature is not reached.
If a fan is installed that supplies a larger volume of the required air, then the solid fuel boiler will quickly gain temperature, and the fan will constantly turn on and off. As a result, fan breakdown is inevitable, the chimney will be constantly hot, and heat will go through it.

There is only one way out - to choose the right blower fan.

The table shows options for installed fans on solid fuel boilers of various capacities.

Fan model Volume of supplied air, m³ Boiler power on dry wood, kW Boiler power on Anthracite coal, kW

WPA X2	285	62	32
WPA 07	160	35	18
WPA 06	255	55	28
WPA 117	180	39	20
WPA 120	285	62	32
WPA 140	395	86	44
WPA 145	505	110	56
WPA 160	600	130	67
NWS 75	205	45	23
NWS 79	205	45	23
NWS 100	240	52	27

Gas boiler fan

Gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber are equipped with a coaxial ventilation duct. Combustion products are removed through it and air is supplied from the street at the same time.

They use a forced draft blower. He is responsible for the intake of air and the removal of combustion products.

The power of the turbo boiler fan depends on the power of the gas boiler.

The fan is located above the combustion chamber: in the upper part of the boiler. It creates a vacuum, as a result of which air is sucked into the combustion chamber.

Two tubes are mounted to the fan casing: a venturi tube, a pitot tube. With these devices, dynamic and static pressure can be measured.

Hoses run from the venturi and are connected to the pressure switch.

Designed to regulate the smoke exhaust process and control the functionality of the fan. Pressostat (air pressure switch)

The operation of turbocharged boilers is as follows:

Boilers with a closed combustion chamber are connected to a double-walled chimney, which is arranged according to the principle: a pipe in a pipe, or to a two-pipe system - where one channel removes smoke, the other takes air from the street.
The combustion products are discharged through an inner tube.
The outer cavity in the separate chimney of a turbocharged gas boiler is connected to an air duct that supplies oxygen to the combustion chamber.

Thus, the boiler fan is designed to ensure the smooth operation of the heating system in the house.

teplofan.ru

How to choose a fan for a solid fuel boiler

By installing an additional fan on a solid fuel or gas heater, it is possible to optimize combustion in the furnace, increasing the efficiency of the unit and at the same time reducing fuel consumption. If initially such blowers were used in industrial installations, today they are actively used in everyday life. The fan for the boiler can be made independently, which saves on the purchase of factory units.

Design and principle of operation

Blowing and traction fans can be used depending on the type of heating boiler and the type of fuel it operates on. The former are installed at the inlet of the air supply pipe and pump the oxygen necessary for combustion.

Traction fans are mounted directly inside the flue duct, create a vacuum, and the boiler itself begins to draw in a larger amount of air that is burned in the firebox.

Exhaust blowers used in self-contained solid fuel boilers may include the following elements:

Fastening plate.
Heat-resistant metal impeller with curved blades.
Electric motor with a capacity of 20-50 W.
Connector for power cable.
Control panel with controls.
Capillary tube and bulb for temperature sensor.
Power cord with plug.

Factory standard fans are attached to a sturdy metal casing located on the back of the boiler next to the flue pipe. The temperature sensor is located in the flask and is inserted into a well in the water jacket. For convenience, the blower control panel is installed separately or combined with the boiler automation unit.

INSTALL THE GATE ON THE FAN!

The principle of operation of the fan lies in the forced removal of hot gases from the heat exchanger directly into the chimney. Some models of smoke exhausters can increase or decrease the intensity of rotation of the impeller, which allows you to optimally control the operation of the fuel boiler.

The principle of operation of a solid fuel boiler with an installed fan looks like this:

A correctly adjusted fan not only improves the performance of the boiler, but also completely excludes the ingress of smoke into the room. This ensures complete safety of operation of equipment and the comfort of living in a private house. The homeowner will only need to correctly adjust the impeller operation, since at minimum revolutions the combustion intensity decreases, and with an increase in the fan speed, part of the heat energy will go into the pipe.

Types of traction fans

Today on sale you can find various modifications of traction fans designed for wood-burning fireplaces, solid fuel and gas heating boilers. By choosing the right type of fan, it will be possible to provide a significant increase in the efficiency of the thermal installations.

The most widespread are the following types of smoke exhausters:

Roof mantel and stove.
Overhead.
Centrifugal duct.
Boiler.

Surface-mounted smoke exhausters designed for domestic heating boilers have a semicircular platform and screed clamps. Such a fan for a solid fuel boiler is mounted on a vertical section of an insulated chimney. Overhead smoke exhausters are distinguished by their efficient operation, they have a simple and reliable design, but it can be difficult to correctly configure such equipment.

Duct fans for solid fuel boilers have their own casing with two fastening pipes and flanges. The unit is installed horizontally or vertically in the burst of the chimney. The principle of operation of such a fan is similar to that of a boiler hood. The duct-type smoke exhauster is the most widespread due to its functionality, ease of operation and the ability to fine-tune the impeller speed. The entire operation of the duct fan can be fully controlled by automation.

Fan for boiler with 30 furnace

Electric hoods for stoves and fireplaces are mounted on the chimney head, fixed with spacer bolts. The power supply cable is run through the pipe and connected directly to the electrical panel or RCD.

When choosing the type and power of the fan, it is necessary to proceed from three main criteria:

Type of installation on top, pipe or inside the boiler.
The power of the electric motors is selected depending on the boiler performance.
For overhead models, the diameter of the non-insulated flue must be taken into account.

The fan for a heating boiler will be based on an electric motor, which is responsible for the operation of this equipment. Today there are three main types of electric motors for blowers:

Asynchronous motors.
Synchronous motors.
Electrically commutated motor.

Most often, it is the last option that is used, since it allows you to quickly change the number of impeller revolutions and thereby regulate the operation of the fan. However, in the presence of such a drive, certain difficulties arise with the choice of temperature controllers. Another disadvantage of fans with an electrically commutated motor is their high cost.

Fans with synchronous motors are simple in design and affordable. The disadvantages of this type of equipment include limited adjustment options and low torque when starting the motor.

An asynchronous motor has numerous advantages. It is convenient and easy to operate and has a reliable design. The disadvantages of this type of drive include high starting currents. Accordingly, it is necessary to properly organize the power unit, which will allow such equipment that is demanding on voltage parameters to be put into operation.

Reasons for installing a supercharger and cost

The use of a fan that pumps oxygen into the furnace and removes their heat from the combustion products can significantly increase the efficiency of the boiler plant. Top modifications of gas and solid fuel boilers are initially equipped with such smoke exhausters, the work of which is fully coordinated with the heating installation. But most factory models of heaters and self-made installations do not have fans, which somewhat reduces the efficiency of the equipment.

Installing a fan on a gas and solid fuel boiler will be necessary in the following cases:

It is not recommended to install the fan on the boiler without coordinating the operation of the heater and the blower. In the latter case, there may be a significant deterioration in the efficiency of the boiler, problems with kindling firewood may appear, and after complete combustion of the fuel, carbon monoxide may enter the room from the furnace.

Which boiler to choose? Condensing or convection?

Boiler fans should not be viewed as the only solution to draft problems. In case of such malfunctions, the chimney should be repaired, the boiler serviced and the height of the chimney above the roof adjusted. Only such an integrated approach will increase the boiler efficiency and make its operation completely safe.

The cost of boiler fans can vary significantly. Depending on the specific model and its type, the smoke exhauster will cost the buyer 3-6 thousand rubles. Automation, taking into account its capabilities and functionality, will cost 3-5 thousand rubles. It is not worth saving on the fan and control unit, since low-quality equipment will not be able to provide the necessary efficiency of the heater's operation, and the blowers will not be the most reliable.

Independent production of the exhaust unit

Making a fan for a solid fuel boiler with your own hands will not be particularly difficult. You just need to balance the impeller, the blades of which must have the same weight and shape.

To make a homemade smoke exhauster, you will need the following:

Homemade metal box or snail.
Electric motor with a power of 150 W and a shaft with 1400 rpm.
Studs with nuts and other fasteners.
Shaft with ventilation holes for cooling the impeller.
Power cable.
Control block.

The easiest way to make a smoke exhauster for a boiler is to buy a factory electric motor with an impeller and a cooled impeller. All you need to do is weld a metal box, place an electric motor, an impeller inside it, and connect the blower to the heating boiler.

If you plan to independently manufacture the impeller, then it should be done strictly according to the available drawings. The blades are cut from a metal sheet, after which they are lightly tacked by welding and the shaft is balanced. A self-made impeller is installed on an electric motor and the quality of rotation is checked. In a properly executed blower, there should be no blade beating, not only worsening the quality of air suction, but also leading to serious breakdowns of the smoke exhaust system and the entire solid fuel boiler.

The automation used can vary significantly depending on the functionality of the solid fuel boiler. The simplest options have a temperature sensor and a dimmer, which reduces or increases the number of revolutions depending on the heating of the coolant. Also on sale you can find automatic control units with extended logic, fully integrated into the boiler automation and allowing the most efficient fan control depending on the heater operation parameters.

Solid fuel boiler fan

Installing an additional smoke exhauster on a solid fuel boiler will significantly improve its efficiency and fuel efficiency. It is only necessary to choose the right blower, which in terms of power must correspond to the parameters of the heating equipment. It is also possible to make a fan with your own hands in order to reduce the cost of heating a private house.

Fan RV05RK1 (for long burning boiler)

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Do-it-yourself boiler fan - equipment installation!

The fan for the boiler acts as a blower during the firing up of the unit. If you turn on the fan at maximum power, under the influence of the air flow, an increased air flow into the combustion chamber will be provided, which will contribute to an increase in the efficiency of the entire process.

DIY boiler fan

After the required temperature is reached, the automatic controller, to which the fan is necessarily connected, will switch the blower to the mode of minimum activity or completely turn off the unit and the combustion will gradually subside.

Floor standing gas boiler with fan

When the temperature reaches a certain minimum mark (usually 5 degrees below the desired temperature set by the user on the control panel of the automatic regulator), the controller will turn on the fan again, and this process will be repeated throughout the entire heating cycle.

Why install a fan on a boiler?

The fan is installed on the boiler to create forced draft. Thanks to this modernization of the equipment, the required volume of air will be continuously supplied to the combustion chamber.

In practice, it has been repeatedly proven that for the most efficient operation of the boiler, more air must be supplied to the combustion chamber than indicated by the manufacturer in the accompanying technical documentation. Without a fan, the fuel will not have time to fully mix with all the oxygen. As a result, a certain part of the air will not burn out, but simply blown out of the heating unit along with the smoke.

Fan for gas boiler Ariston

Thus, when calculating the required fan power, one should be guided by the maximum efficiency specified by the boiler manufacturer. If the power of the additional equipment is below the required value, the upgrade will simply not have any beneficial effect.

In conditions of insufficient air volume, the boiler operation will be disrupted. The fuel will not burn out completely, the chimney will begin to be intensively clogged with ash and soot, which will lead to frequent stoppages of equipment operation for cleaning and related maintenance.

Under conditions of incomplete fuel combustion, insulating materials will begin to burn out, and their frequent replacement will lead to a significant increase in the cost of operating the heating unit.

Due to the reduced draft, the boiler room will smoke. In view of this, the owner will need to spend additional funds on the installation of artificial ventilation.

Therefore, it is better to initially allocate a relatively small amount of money for the purchase of a fan, and you can install this unit yourself. Such an addition will significantly reduce fuel underburning, increase the power of heating equipment and significantly extend its service life without having to stop for repairs and maintenance.

Forced traction automation

Fans for boilers work in conjunction with modern automation equipment, namely, a solid fuel boiler control unit. The unit controls the process of fuel combustion in the boiler in accordance with the operating temperature set by the user.

The unit controls the operation of the fan and circulation pump of the heating system. Out of the control unit:

fan connector;
pump connector;
socket for connecting to the mains;
digital temperature sensor.

The standard control unit is equipped with two displays. One display shows information about the fan operation. Another display shows data on the temperature of the coolant in the heating system.

The control panel is located under the displays. Using the control panel, the owner can regulate the fan and set the desired temperature in the heating system.

The principle of the system is as follows:

the boiler is loaded with fuel;
the air supply turns on;
if necessary, the required air supply parameters are set. The temperature of the heating medium in the system is adjusted in the same way.

After the required temperature of the coolant is reached in the system, the control unit will automatically turn off the fan. Such a block allows the owner of the boiler to significantly reduce fuel consumption and save on electricity.

Video - Forced traction system automation

Using a fan on the example of the Bubafonya boiler

An excellent example of a heating unit with an additionally installed fan is the Bubafonya boiler. It is a complete long-burning furnace with two main parts. Between the chambers, air is circulated by a fan.

Fan for Bubafoni

The fan is connected in an extremely simple sequence.

First step. Fix the fan to the boiler air pipe.

Step two. Connect the fan to the control box.

Step three. Connect the required devices to the mains.

Fourth step. Set the required fan parameters and the desired temperature of the heating medium in the heating system.

You will use the boiler directly in this order.

First step. Load the wood tightly into the appropriate chamber. The denser the fuel is packed, the more efficient heating will be.

Step two. Ignite the fuel and place a pancake on top with an air supply pipe and a fan fixed to it.

Step three. Wait about 5 minutes for the boiler to burn up sufficiently and turn on the fan.

After the heating system reaches the temperature you have set, the control unit will automatically turn off the fan. Further, the process will proceed according to the previously discussed scheme.

Thus, the installation of a fan for the boiler allows you to simultaneously solve many problems associated, first of all, with the efficiency of heating and fuel consumption. Be sure to purchase such a device for your heating unit. The fan is relatively inexpensive, and it will pay off as quickly as possible.

TT boiler long burning energy

The device operates in the range from -30 ° C to + 40 ° C, while not all modifications can be operated at low temperatures - most are designed for use in closed rooms. The blower fan for the boiler is installed together with the smoke exhausters, which can remove the air heated to 400-600 ° C.

The device and principle of operation of blowing fans of boiler rooms

The blower fan of the HP boiler, presented in the catalog of our company, has a cantilever design that provides one-way air intake.

The fan consists of:

undercarriage;
impeller;
snail-shaped body;
guide vane.

A mixture of hot and cold air is supplied to the system, while the overall temperature is low. Due to this, the blowing fans of boiler rooms require less repair, and complete wear and tear of the equipment does not occur due to the absence of harmful impurities that settle in the smoke exhausts. The air overcomes the resistance of the air heater first, and then of the entire path leading to the firebox.

The preferred installation location for the fan is on the floor or on the bottom of the boiler. This ensures a good air supply directly from the room where the boiler room is located. A blower fan is installed on the foundation, if we are talking about a room, or in the open air. In this case, the installation of the device requires the construction of a shed. Often, one boiler requires two or three fans, because one cannot cope with the needs of large-capacity boilers operating on solid fuel.