Non-obvious verification. Verification in simple words and how to pass it on financial markets. Documentary verification in the Russian Federation

Greetings, you, on the pages of the blog site. Probably, each of us, at least once, came across such a concept of how to pass verification. But not everyone knows the exact meaning of the term "verification" itself.

In fact, he does not mean anything abstruse or complicated. And to understand this, you only need to delve deeper into the essence of the word, and understand where the verification process is used.

About the "complex" term in simple words

What is verification? This term is of Latin origin, and is divided into 2 parts:

• verus means "true", "truthful";
• facere translates to "to do".

Of course, if you carry out a literal translation, then it will not come out very successful. But if you correct it a little, then we can say that verification is nothing more than confirmation of the veracity of the data.

This concept is used in various fields of activity, for example, banking, or in the field of Internet earnings, etc. This term is also used in certain branches of science, medicine, Internet technologies, etc.

In simple terms, what is verification on the Internet, then actions aimed at confirming the reliability of the specified data. That is, in order to gain access to a specific resource as a personalized user, and not an anonymous user, you need to fill in an account and personal data. To confirm the correctness of these data means to be verified.

How does it work in practice? Very often, when registering on the site, the first thing that you are asked to verify is your email address. A link is sent to the mail, clicking on which means confirming the validity of the email. In the case of a phone number, an SMS with a verification code is sent to it. Passport scans are usually required to confirm passport data.

Don't confuse verification with authorization. Typically, upon first login, the system automatically remembers and saves user-entered access data. But sometimes it can "crash" or be updated, thereby resetting the once entered settings.

To enter the site under a certain name, a person must log in again. Sometimes it is enough just to press the "Login" button, and the automatically saved login and password will appear. But it may also be such that all the information will have to be entered anew.

So, what is verification for? To confirm the identity of a person and the accuracy of the personal data specified by him when creating an account on a specific site.

Verification failed - what does it mean?

Many Internet users, as well as bank clients, have encountered such a window on the screen or an operator / cashier's response, etc., as “not verified”. What does this mean and why is it happening?

In most cases, the occurrence of such a notification is directly related to the error of the user himself or the responsible person who conducts a certain operation with the data. Usually, to correct the situation, it is enough to double-check the entered data and, if necessary, correct any inaccuracies.

So, what does the phrase "not verified" mean? This means that the user data is not verified, and the person cannot access the required information, account, account on the site or in the application, etc.

Verified is a user who has been able to verify their identity. But it may not be a person. This term is also applied to an account, account, etc.

Verification code and verifier concept

Verification code - what is it? This is a special cipher, when introduced, the system recognizes a specific user. Let's consider this question with a small example.

So, the user wants to withdraw virtual money to a bank card for the first time. But she's not linked to an account yet. In this case, the user just needs to know what verification is, because when linking the card to the wallet number, the system will require confirmation of the authenticity of the data provided.

Such a procedure is carried out by blocking a certain amount on the card account with its subsequent transfer to an electronic wallet. Usually this is 1 ruble (at least this is how the WebMoney system works). In this case, to verify - it means to confirm the authenticity of the data by writing off funds.

Now let's look at the other side of the issue in question. What is SMS verification code? In principle, it's not hard to guess. A person receives a number consisting of different digits on the phone number indicated by him. Although such a code may also contain letters, or even signs. After entering the received cipher into the verification form, confirmation occurs, that is, data verification, and the user successfully gets access to the information he needs, a page, an account or an account.

So, we figured out how the verification procedure proceeds, and what it implies. Now let's briefly consider the question of what a verifier is.

Surprisingly, a verifier is not only a utility, a program for determining the correctness and authenticity of the provided data. It is also a profession, albeit a very rare one. Such a person specializes in recognizing lies, and must have a truly brilliant intelligence.

Examples of the use of verification in different areas

So, we examined the general concept of what data verification, verifier, and verification code are. Now let's go directly to where and how this option is used.

Its prevalence is really very wide, almost unlimited. But we will focus only on the most basic areas.

Account verification

What is account verification, how and where is it applied on the Internet? This process is common on many sites, online stores, online banking, freelance exchanges, etc. It is necessary so that the system can confirm whether the user is a client of a particular service. In addition, using this procedure, you can determine where a person is operating, and where is an Internet robot (bot).

Thus, a verified account is an account, the owner of which was able to confirm the accuracy of the specified data.

Bank account verification

What is bank account verification? This is an operation, the main task of which is to confirm that the user really is the owner of the card or account.

Usually, the procedure is carried out using SMS. A message with a confirmation code is sent to the customer's phone number. After its introduction, the system either allows the user to manage the financial flows, or refuses to do so. The latter option is possible only when the verification code was entered incorrectly, or the person is not the cardholder.

Important! The verification process for banking transactions is one of the most reliable ways to protect against fraud. Each card or bank account is bound to the user's phone number, to which, as noted, an SMS is sent. Some banks use a call for verification purposes. As soon as the client picks up the phone and confirms the financial transaction, the account and the person himself will be verified. And this, in turn, allows him to continue and successfully complete the procedure begun.

Contact verification

What does the concept of contact verification mean? Let's consider this question with a small example.

Users of the social network Twitter, especially if they belong to the category of celebrities, are very familiar with this concept. Using special algorithms and procedures, the CC verifies the contact (that is, the account).

If a user is really a famous person, and is trying to impersonate such, then a blue checkmark appears on his page. Thus, other users can be completely sure that they are dealing with their idol, and not with his "dummy" copy.

What are verified contacts, you can understand from the previously reviewed information. So, for example, when registering in a smartphone application, you must enter your contact information. After that, either SMS will come to the phone number, or a call will be made. After confirming the registration, the contact will become verified.

Thanks to this, users who have a subscriber's phone number recorded in the phone book will be able to immediately understand who they are talking to. This is especially necessary if the Viber contact is used for corporate purposes - to transfer information from one enterprise to another.

Verification in the field of medicine

Among other things, this procedure is also carried out in medical practice. Verification - what is it in medicine? In simple terms, this is a double-check of the diagnosis to clarify its reliability.

The procedure is performed without fail, not only when the treatment started does not give results. Even the doctor's usual doubts about the correctness of the preliminary diagnosis can become weighty grounds for its implementation. This implies the repeated performance of all instrumental and laboratory diagnostic procedures.

Website verification

Verification of a site in Yandex is carried out using a meta tag, an HTML file and a DNS record. The procedure is carried out in the event that the user needs to confirm his rights to the site, domains and subdomains. This verification method is one of the simplest and most reliable, therefore it is used most often.

Thus, verification is a confirmation of the identity, their rights, the reliability of the information provided, etc. A person who is an honest user should not be afraid of such a check, since it acts for the purpose of his own interests in order to protect against fraud from unscrupulous users ...

Not everyone can answer this question. Often, many, having heard this word, do not understand what it means and in what area it is used. So, let's try to figure it out. For a start, it is probably worth doing a linguistic analysis. This word came to Russian from Latin and is translated as "true" - verus and "do" - facere. So, to verify is to confirm someone's identity. Having understood this, the meaning of this term immediately becomes clear. But where is this word used? And the term "verify" is used in various fields and quite actively. For instance:

• In the bank. It is very important to verify the identity of the client, the data provided by the client, verification of the operation. Nowadays many clients carry out most of their transactions via the Internet. And you need to be sure that the client and the bank itself are not subject to fraud. Therefore, for the safety of the operation, the client must confirm the seriousness of his intentions using a special code. This code will be sent to your number in the form of an SMS message.
• In science. The term is very actively used in philosophy and medicine.
• In the Internet. Verifying your identity on social media takes a special place. Online verification is a must in order not to stumble upon scammers.
• In the quality system. For example, this is checking products in accordance with GOST.

Verification examples.

There are many examples, but we will turn our attention to the most famous. For example, if you decide to open a wallet in the Webmoney payment system, then during registration you will be asked for your passport data. A lot of thoughts about this immediately arise in my head, but they just should be put aside and confidently provide your personal data for registration. These data are needed to understand whether you are a real person or not. After registration, they will no longer be needed by anyone and will not be used anywhere without your knowledge. So don't be afraid.

You will not be able to link the card to the payment system account without verification. You will definitely need to go through verification.

Verification on social networks should be discussed separately. Recently, this has become very relevant, because every day there are more frequent cases of fraud from different pages. The user may not even suspect that fraudsters can use his photo or personal data for their own purposes.

The number of fake pages is growing every day. Anyone with a computer and Internet access can create a page with the name and photo of a celebrity and distribute any information from it. Of course, it won't always be pleasant. Therefore, actors, singers, directors, politicians and many others verify their pages on social networks and ask their fans to subscribe only to these pages and not visit fake ones.

Verification is required on Twittere. Because users need to be 100% sure that they are actually reading the celebrity block.

How do I know if a page has been verified?

Very simple. If you see "blue check marks" on your idol's page, then you should know that these are not fakes, but a verified wanderer. And everything that you see here will be true, not fiction.

Manufacturing quality verification is also important. The consumer of goods must know what kind of product he is buying. Are all requirements met during the production of goods and their transportation, and then storage. For example, scientists have created a new drug. All tests were carried out on animals and it was found that this drug is suitable for human consumption and can be put up for sale in pharmacies. This means that this medicine has been verified, that is, it has passed the tests and meets all the requirements that were presented with regard to this subject.

In medicine, this term is not new and is very widely used. Verification of the diagnosis is almost always carried out, i.e. rechecking it. For example, in oncology, a second biopsy is performed to make sure the diagnosis is accurate, and if the biopsy is positive, chemotherapy is prescribed.

Pros and cons of verification.

Of course, verification has many advantages. Having understood where this term is used, it becomes clear that the use of verification is one big plus, at least in relation to fraud. But there are not so many minuses. Probably, he is the only one - additional work is added and time is spent on checking.

Having understood what verification is and having understood the use of this term, it immediately becomes clear that it is very important in the modern world. It is needed not only for officials, celebrities, but also for ordinary, ordinary users. And this is necessary in order to avoid fraud.

Verification is one of the relatively new terms in the Russian language.

The word has Latin roots and was formed from two parts, where "verus" translates as "true", and "facere" means to do.

In general, the verification procedure refers to the verification and subsequent confirmation of authenticity.

There are the following types of verification:

• banking;
• online;
• high-quality verification;
• in philosophy.

The most common application is for verification in banking and online. Verification for compliance with GOST or ISO standards of goods is less common and is more often characterized by different terms.

Philosophers understand by verification verification of the truth of various theoretical statements.

Verification in banks

For banking organizations, verification is an important process during which the identity of the client is established and the authenticity of the transactions is verified. If a citizen applies for a credit card at a specific bank, he will undergo a verification procedure. Does he really work at the workplace indicated in the application, are all certificates genuine, and so on.

A loan or credit card can only be obtained by a citizen who has been successfully verified and does not raise questions from the financial institution.

Every day, bank customers make many transactions with funds. To reduce the chance of money theft and ensure security, banks are implementing the following verification methods:

• inability to use other people's documents;
• SMS confirmation of all payments made from a bank card;
• the presence of a PIN code for bank cards.

In the first case, a personal visit of an attacker to the bank with other people's documents is meant. If this happened, then he will not be able to pass verification and carry out any operations on these documents. Exception: a power of attorney, by which a person is authorized to represent the interests of a particular individual within the established restrictions.

In the second case, only the card data is not enough to carry out the calculation on the card. When trying to make a payment, you will definitely need an additional confirmation by entering the code received in the SMS message... This verification format protects the debit card holder from withdrawing funds using a stolen card.

Even if a citizen has changed his phone number, he can always personally come to the bank, fix his new phone number and receive confirmation messages on the SIM card that is currently being used.

The PIN-code is most often set by the bank, but the client can also determine the numbers. The task of the code is also to protect the card from theft, only in this case the attacker will not be able to insert the card into the ATM and use it to withdraw funds.

Without a PIN-code, the ATM will not verify the cardholder in the attacker and will give it back. Therefore, verification in the banking sector ensures the reliability of keeping money and the security of settlements.

Online verification

There are many different situations in the Internet space when the identity of a citizen is required to be verified. In the Russian Federation, a special service "Gosuslugi" has been launched, for the use of which there is a three-stage verification.

Each stage of verification opens access to the order through the website of certain government services. The first two can be passed without leaving your home, but to confirm the third, you will have to personally come to the office and sign all the necessary papers.

At the second stage of verification, document data are required, including a passport, SNILS and TIN. The resource automatically verifies what the user has indicated with the data of government databases. In case of compliance, you can successfully pass the second stage of verification... And the first is a simple registration.

Identity verification is of particular importance in electronic money. There are special certificates that open up great opportunities if available.

So, for example, in order to obtain a formal passport in Webmoney, you need to provide your passport data. The initial passport requires more serious identification in the PhotoID format - you must take a picture with your passport so that both your face and data are clearly visible. To obtain a personal passport that allows you to transfer large amounts of funds, you need to go through verification at one of the offices of Webmoney.

Verification in social networks and various services deserves special attention. So, for example, VK necessarily requires binding to a phone number so that in case of violation of the law, you can be contacted.

And, for example, educational sites will require confirmation of the teacher's qualifications to post their own publications there.

Incompleteness theorem
Duhem-Quine thesis
Metalanguage Texts Basic principles
Currents Empirio-criticism, Machism
People Comte, Teng, Mill, Spencer

In various spheres of human activity under verification (from lat. verus - "true" and facere - "to do") may mean different concepts. For instance:

• Verification - this is a confirmation of the compliance of the final product with predefined reference requirements.

• Verification - a technique for recognizing lies (concealment, distortion).

In the meaning of provability, verifiability of explanations (models) of objects / phenomena, depending on the degree of confirmation by reality (empirically, facts), forms the concepts:

The root of the different understanding of the concept of verification lies in the spectrum of possibilities for comparing the conformity of the final product to predefined requirements. It is possible to verify the conformity of the final product to the predetermined requirements, depending on the situation, by direct and indirect characteristics of this final product. And also there is a process approach that tracks the progress of the product to predefined requirements.

Formal verification

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Synonyms:

See what "Verification" is in other dictionaries:

- (by this, see the previous word). Identity, verification. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov AN, 1910. VERIFICATION certificate, authentication. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Verification of documents, calculations and other dictionary of financial terms. Verification Verification is the establishment of the correspondence between received and transmitted information using logical methods. In English: Verification See also: Communication interactions ... ... Financial vocabulary

- (from Lat. verificatio proof, confirmation) establishing the truth or empirical meaningfulness of scientific statements. This term has become widespread in connection with the neo-positivist program of empirical substantiation of science. FROM… … Philosophical Encyclopedia

Verification - Verification ♦ Verification Verification of the truth of the statement in order to evaluate it. So, the calculation can be checked by repeating the same operation or doing another, and the hypothesis - through experience. True, the question remains about the validity of the test itself - ... ... Sponville's Philosophical Dictionary

In cultural studies (late Latin verificatio proof, confirmation of the fidelity or truth of something; from Latin verus true and facio I do), the establishment of the truth of certain judgments (statements and denials) about culture in knowledge about ... ... Encyclopedia of Cultural Studies

Verification, comparison, confirmation, certificate Dictionary of Russian synonyms. verification of noun, number of synonyms: 5 validation (4) ... Synonym dictionary

verification - and, w. vérification f. Certificate of authenticity. SIS 1954. Not for vanity, but for him, I entered this prolific description; I have forgotten some incidents and I don’t remember the verification of numbers and names, never writing any notes on myself. ... Historical Dictionary of Russian Gallicisms

Verification - (Latin verificatio dәlel, rastau) - ғylymi aқiқat pen onyң derekterі (molimetterі) empiricalyқ, yғni tәzhіribelik texer aқyly ayқyndalady degen әdistemelik concept, principle Ol logikalyқ positivism of men analyticalyқ philosophicalyң bir tarmay ... ... Philosophies terminderdің sozdіgi

verification - control check Establishing the correspondence between received and transmitted information using logical methods. verification (ITIL Service Transition) Activities that ... ... Technical translator's guide

English. verification A. Verification of the authenticity, correctness of registration of documents, materials. B. The process of comparing the copy with the original Dictionary of business terms. Academic.ru. 2001 ... Business glossary

- (from the Latin verus true and facio I do), verification, empirical confirmation of the theoretical propositions of science by comparing them with observed objects, factual data, experiment ... Modern encyclopedia

Books

• Verification of M. Faraday's hypothesis about lines of force in space. M. Faraday's lines of force in space, Serkov Arkady. Specifying M. Faraday's hypothesis, the gravitational field is considered as a visco-elastic body, which is characterized by a number of properties: elastic modulus, viscosity, anisotropic structure, ...

In recent years, it has become fashionable for officials, athletes, actors, and big businessmen to announce changes in their lives through social media - on Twitter, for example. How does the audience know that the information comes precisely from the person whose name it is signed with? For this, there is such a thing as verification. It is used, of course, not only to confirm accounts on social networks, but in many areas of human activity and is of great importance for our life. What is verification, how does it differ from, what is it for and what can be found out with its help?

Verification is confirmation of the correctness of any action, item or event after verification. The term comes from two Latin words: verus ("true") and facere ("to do"). We literally get - "to make something true", "to confirm." Translated from English, the concept of verification means verification, control, and attestation, and confirmation under oath.

Verification is used in various fields - in the production of goods and services, in medicine, on the Internet. Model verification makes it possible to create a high-quality prototype of a future product. In IT technologies, verification is used to confirm the identity of the user when working on the Internet or using payment systems. With its help, fakes, defective products are identified, medical diagnoses are corrected, and they are registered in online services and social networks.

Verification has value as a philosophical category, as well as in other areas of human knowledge, where true statements must be distinguished from false ones.

What is the principle of verification

The principle of verification is as follows: the assumption must be confirmed with the help of experience and not contradict the known facts. The bank assumes that the owner of the plastic card is Ivan Ivanov, since exactly such data is written on the card inserted into the ATM. And this fact will be confirmed when Ivan Ivanovich correctly enters the pin code known only to him.

In this case, the assumption should, in principle, be knowable. For example, the hypothesis that there are invisible people around us, whom we cannot detect, because they are invisible, cannot be verified, it is, in principle, not cognizable in the current state of science. Also, statements like “Masha loves Vasya” are not verified, since an outsider has no opportunity to “get into Masha's soul”, and verification is an objective category. Another thing is the phrase “Masha claims that she loves Vasya” - we can say for sure whether Masha spoke about love or not.

The main goal of verification is to confirm the compliance of the final result with a theoretical assumption or task. If a particular product has been developed, its properties must meet the technical requirements for such products or the terms of reference for development.

If it was required to confirm the identity of the user of a particular banking product, the entered password must correspond to the one originally put into the system by the client or by the bank itself. If a hypothesis is put forward about any phenomenon in nature or human activity, it should at least not contradict the available scientific facts.

How verification differs from validation

The terms are similar, sometimes they are even confused. The reason is that an ordinary person most often uses verification and validation to confirm the user's identity in information networks and payment systems. In this case, the difference is really small - during verification, you get the opportunity to use the services (access to them), and during validation, you get more rights when using the services (for example, additional functions become available in the Internet wallet - withdrawing more funds, transfers to a card etc.). But in the field of production, in medicine and in other areas, there is a fundamental difference between these two concepts.

	Verification	Validation
What it is	Compliance of the product, model or concept with the stated requirements. We have assembled the car. He fully complies with the terms of reference and goes. Verification passed.	Applicability of the created model, product or concept in practice in specific conditions. We have assembled the car. It corresponds to the terms of reference. But it doesn't ride on ice. Validation failed.
Who matters to	For manufacturer, author	For the consumer, audience
Who conducts	Authors, manufacturers, developers	Testers, consumers
Mandatory use	Mandatory (the car must be made according to the terms of reference and must go)	It is optional (if we know that the car is driving, we can try to run it on the ice, or we can predict without testing that for a successful trip, refinement is needed in the form of installing rubber with spikes).
Valuation type	Objective (does the product / model meet standards)	Subjective (is the product / model suitable for use in a particular environment)

Verification examples

In different areas, verification is implemented in different ways.

When the product is released, it must be tested for compliance with the required parameters, standards, norms and rules. Verification is carried out either by the technical control department (QCD), or by employees to whom such duties have been transferred.

The product is tested for compliance with government or industry standards, specifications, design, regulatory documentation.

For example, an electric kettle is produced in production. Employees of the quality control department check the physical parameters of the product, completeness, compliance with electrical safety requirements and technical characteristics (compliance of power consumption with the parameters specified in the documents) and so on with the design documentation. Most often, not the entire batch of goods is verified, but several copies to choose from. The result is fixed by a registration record in a special journal. This is ideal. In practice, in small manufacturing companies, the verification procedure can be simplified to visual inspection.

Also, verification in production includes checking the compliance of the company's processes with the quality management system (ISO standards). Here, not only finished products are checked, but also production processes - to what extent their technological and environmental parameters correspond to international standards for such procedures. If they do not fully comply, then the final product receives a lower rating and does not pass verification.

Verification in medicine

There are two areas of verification in this area. The first overlaps with production validation. When a new drug is released, the manufacturer checks at the outlet whether its chemical composition and formula correspond to those that were transferred to the enterprise in the terms of reference.

The second direction is the verification of the diagnosis. It is carried out if the treatment does not give the desired result. If the course was prescribed by a therapist or another doctor, the head of the department, the head physician of a medical institution or a council of doctors can verify the diagnosis. Both documentary sources (results of analyzes and research) and the actions and prescriptions of the therapist are checked - whether they correspond to those that should be carried out for the disease indicated in the diagnosis. If necessary, new, additional studies are assigned. For example, histological verification is confirmation of the existence of a tumor by examining body tissues taken from a patient.

Verification in Internet technologies

There are also several directions here.

1. User verification - the logged in user is checked for compliance with the account owner. For example, this is how celebrity social media pages are verified. To get a "tick" on VKontakte, meaning that the page belongs to a really famous actor or politician, you need to submit to the administration of the social network a set of documents and a photo with your passport or another confirmation option (different social networks have different requirements).
2. Software verification - is similar to verification of any manufactured product. After software development, it is tested for compliance with the terms of reference. The product should contain all the parts required by the customer and be triggered when pressed. To what extent the product meets the customer's goals is not a matter of verification, but of validation. If the software calculator looks like a calculator, runs as a calculator, meets the customer's requirements for a calculator, then it is verified. But if, at the same time, the created software does not perform the calculations required by the customer, or contains errors in such calculations, then the calculator is not validated. Read more about the difference between the concepts of verification and validation in the corresponding chapter above.
3. Website verification - confirmation that the Internet resource was created with serious intentions, and not as a "double" to commit fraud or other equally unattractive purposes. Only the real site will be counted by search engines. Verification is also required if there is a suspicion that the resource has been stolen from its owner. For example, Yandex requires meta tags, DNS and an HTML file as evidence.
4. Verification of electronic digital signature (EDS)- confirmation of the right to sign electronic documents. EDS is issued in special certification centers, and the main task of verification is to check whether it is suitable for certain types of electronic trading (whether it meets the requirements of electronic trading platforms). It is also checked whether the information about the person who owns the digital signature is updated. If you ordered a digital signature for a company, the details of which have since changed in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, this may invalidate the EDS. Special verification services on the Internet allow you to check the correctness of the information.

Verification in banks and payment systems

This is essentially the same user verification. You confirm that you are the owner of the card that is inserted into the ATM or payment terminal. In the case of payment systems (and others), you validate your wallet by sending scans of your identity documents to the administration of the payment system and, depending on the package of documents, gaining access to various functions of the wallet, and then at each login you verify yourself as the owner using a password ...

A similar procedure - if you decide to link the card to the wallet in the payment system. Here you verify yourself as the owner of the card and associate the card with the wallet.

In philosophy, verification is a controversial concept around which many copies have been broken. As a general rule, this term is understood as the clarification of the truth of theoretical propositions by means of their practical verification. As already mentioned in the chapter "What is the principle of verification", the main criterion is cognizability, compliance with modern scientific ideas about the world. When we say: "People do not fly like birds" - this is a true, verified statement, since the laws of physics do not allow a person to fly like birds. But the statement "An airplane cannot fly at a speed of 10,000 km / h" will not be true, since the development of technology can solve this problem, there are no objective obstacles to this.

These are the simplest examples, in fact, whole philosophical concepts are being verified that explain the behavior of the broad masses of people, the origin of life on earth, and so on. The catch is that this verification is rational, it does not take into account metaphysical concepts. For example, religions from this perspective always turn out to be unverified, which is somewhat offensive for followers of spiritual teachings. Therefore, along with the principle of verification, the principle of falsification (refutability) was introduced into philosophy. Can you refute the existence of God? Hardly. This means that this category gets the right to exist along with rational concepts.

Verification in science implies finding out to what extent the hypothesis put forward corresponds to the obtained practical result.

Answers to frequently asked questions

What does “the payment did not pass the verification stage” mean?

This is the so-called "error 11020". Most often it occurs when a purchase in an online store is paid for with a bank card. Banks name two reasons for this error:

1. The buyer incorrectly or incompletely entered the data requested by the payment system.
2. On the secure line of the bank, where information from the buyer is transferred, a technical failure occurred and the data was not read properly.

The problem is solved by resending the payment at a later time or by calling the support service.

When turned on, the computer prompts you to verify the files. What is this procedure and what is it for?

File verification is one of the ways to ensure security in operating systems. Viruses often replace real files with others - with a different size and purpose, but with the same name. Checking the file system allows such pseudo-files to be calculated and deleted. This kind of verification is recommended if you often work on unfamiliar networks, use other people's files, or have problems with antivirus software.

Can the principle of verification be used to recognize lies in everyday communication?

There is an extensive literature on this topic, for example, "5 principles of defining a lie" by Ilya Anishchenko, "The Psychology of Lies" by Paul Ekman, "Detection of Lies and Deception" and "Lies: Three Ways to Identify" by Aldert Fry, "I see what you are thinking »Joe Navarro and many others. They contain a lot of interesting tips, but there are no reliable methods to guarantee the difference between the truth and the lie.

The principle of verification is that a true statement must be confirmed by practice, or at least not contradict known facts. But in everyday life it is very difficult to compare the words of a person with all known facts, very few people are capable of this, and mainly in any narrow area of \u200b\u200bknowledge. It is difficult to detect cheating on the fly, even for trained professionals. This applies to both instrumental technologies ("lie detector"), and psychological ("when a person lies, he looks to the left and up") or logical ("the opponent is sweating - it means he is tense, and all because he is lying") methods. The percentage of errors and unaccounted accidents is too high. Among them - attributing to other people their own emotions and motives, underestimating individual psychological characteristics, the influence of extraneous factors (danger, noise, light exposure, stress, etc.), prompting an answer from your side, assessing the motives of the interlocutor by a single sign, and others.