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Color-coded rj 45 connector. Twisted pair: crimping methods, connection diagram. Selection of category and containment

Power cords, like other technical accessories, fail at the most inopportune moment. But if you have crimping skills, a new connector and the necessary tool, the problem can be fixed in a few minutes.

Another difficulty is that the Internet wires are multicore, and more often than the rest, a 4-pair cable is used. Therefore, in addition to practical skills, you will need the correct RJ-45 pinout - a suitable color scheme. If you make a mistake with the distribution of conductors, you can be left without the Internet.

In this material, we will talk about the features of a twisted pair and give several cable crimping schemes.

An ordinary electrical wire, for example, VVGng 3 * 2.5, consists of three cores. This can be understood by removing the upper polymer shell. Twisted pair (in other words - network wire, RJ-45 cable) can consist of one pair of wires or several.

Usually, ready-made patch cords are used - cable lengths of standard length (on average from 0.3 m to 30 m). On both sides, the factory cable is crimped with connectors - small 8-pin plugs that can be inserted into a connector on a router, PC, TV and other equipment.

For home use, 1- and multi-core cables are offered, but the latter are more commonly used. The twisted pair goes on sale in bays, is sold by the meter

But it is also useful to have a piece of cable that has not been crimped in advance: for example, sometimes it is required to pass the cable through a small hole in the wall, no more than 5 mm. In this case, crimping is done after installation.

Features of RJ-45 internet wire that may come in handy:

Image gallery

Standard crimp schemes

The pinout of the twisted pair and the installation of connectors falls under the regulations of the international standard EIA / TIA-568, which describes the procedure and rules for switching intra-apartment networks. The choice of crimping scheme depends on the purpose of the cable and the characteristics of the network - for example, the bandwidth.

No need to worry if the cable is too long or too short - you can always crimp the patch cord to the desired length. If the power cord is suddenly gnawed by a dog or simply bent, repairs can be made promptly.

You may also be interested to see how you can connect a twisted pair to each other, to do this, go to.

Do you have questions about the twisted pair pinout? Please ask them in the block with comments, and we will try to explain the incomprehensible moments as clearly as possible.

With the advent of the Internet, the lives of many families have changed. Most of them are connected to the Internet, especially since you don't need much for this, it is enough to have a personal computer or the most ordinary mobile phone. In turn, each family member can be connected to a separate line. Local distribution of the Internet resource is carried out wirelessly using a special Wi-Fi protocol. And yet, many people prefer wire distribution, as it is much more reliable, simpler and cheaper. In addition, the presence of additional electromagnetic waves negatively affects a person's well-being.

As a rule, they try to hide all the wires in the walls so that they do not interfere. Internet wires are no exception. This is mainly carried out during the period of repair work. For this, there are special sockets, called computer or information. Mostly sockets with RJ-45 connectors are used. All the processes for installing it can be done yourself if you know how to do it, especially since there can be more than two wires and you need to know which contact to connect to. The procedure is performed not by twisting or soldering, but by crimping, using a special tool for this.

The Internet cable that goes into the apartment is called a twisted pair cable and is connected to a plastic connector. A similar plastic connector is called a connector under the designation RJ-45. Such devices are called "Jacks" by professionals.

Basically, the plastic connector is made of a transparent material through which all the colored wires are visible. Exactly the same details are used to interconnect computers, a modem with a computer and other computer hardware. In this case, an unusual arrangement of colored wires is possible. It is such a connector that is inserted into the information outlet. The most important thing here is to figure out the order of the arrangement of all the wires, and then the problem with the connector crimping will be solved.

There are two connection schemes: T568A and T568B. We do not practice the first connection option, but the connection is carried out according to the "B" scheme. Therefore, you need to familiarize yourself with the arrangement of colors, according to this scheme.

A very important point is the number of wires in the twisted pair. Typically, 2-pair or 4-pair cables are used. 2-pair cables are used to transfer data at speeds up to 1 Gb / s, and 4-pair cables are used to transfer data at speeds from 1 to 10 Gb / s. Internet wires are brought into private houses and apartments, where data transfer is carried out at speeds of up to 100 Mb / s. Despite this, there is a steady trend towards an increase in the transmission speed of Internet resources. Therefore, it is better to play it safe and install a 4-pair cable for the future. Moreover, connectors and sockets are available for connecting a 4-pair twisted pair.

When using a 2-pair cable, after laying the first 3 wires according to the scheme "B", the green wire is connected to the sixth contact, missing two contacts. This can be seen in the corresponding photo.

To crimp the ends on the connector, special pliers are used, which can cost from 6 to 10 dollars, depending on the manufacturer. When using such a tool, quality contacts are obtained, although this can be done with pliers and a screwdriver.

First, you need to remove the protective insulation from the cable, at a distance of 7-8 cm from the end of the cable. The cable has four pairs of wires of different colors, twisted in pairs. There are cables where there is a thin braided shield. You won't need it, so you can just fold it to the side. All pairs are untwisted, and the wires are aligned, spread apart and laid out according to the "B" scheme.

The divorced wires are clamped between the thumb and forefinger. At the same time, you need to control that the wires are even and tightly pressed against one another. If the wires are of different lengths, then they can be leveled with wire cutters, leaving a total of 10-12 mm in length. If you take the connector and try it on, then the insulation of the wires should start slightly above the latch.

This can also be seen in the photo. After that, the prepared wires are inserted into the connector.

It is very important that each wire falls into a special path, while each wire must rest against the edge of the connector. Holding the cable in this position, insert it into the pliers. Crimp the cable in a gentle, gentle motion until the handles of the pliers come together. If all the prepared operations are performed correctly, then there should be no problems. If you feel that additional effort is needed, then it is advisable to pause the crimping process and check everything again. The main thing is that the connector is in the correct position. After checking and adjusting, the crimp continues.

During the crimping process, the pliers push the conductors towards the microknives, which push through the insulation and make contact with the conductor.

The result is a reliable connection with excellent contact. If it did not work the first time, the crimping process must be repeated. To do this, the wires with the “jack” are cut off, stripped, a new “jack” is taken and the process is repeated. The main thing is to stock up on "jacks", because the first time it will hardly work.

Video lesson: crimping the RJ-45 connector

Thanks to the advent of the Internet, many problems are solved quickly enough, especially after reviewing videos. Therefore, before proceeding directly to crimping the wires, it is advisable to review the video, and very carefully. It shows how to properly handle and dispense with ticks. And yet, it is better to play it safe and use the tool for better work.

How to connect an internet cable to an outlet

To begin with, it should be noted that there are two types of Internet outlets, like electrical outlets: for outdoor installation and for indoor installation.

It should be noted that all sockets are collapsible and consist of three parts: half of the socket housing serves for fastening, the insides of the socket are intended for connecting wires and the second part of the housing serves as a protective element. There are both single and double internet sockets.

Computer sockets may differ in appearance, but they work the same way. All are equipped with microknife contacts. As a rule, they are designed to cut through the insulation of conductors, after which a reliable contact is established, since the process is carried out under a certain gain.

Connecting a computer wall outlet

Almost all manufacturers of computer outlets place a wiring diagram inside, indicating the order of placement of wires, based on their colors. As a rule, both scheme "A" and scheme "B" are indicated. Pattern "A" should be disregarded and focus on pattern "B".

The first step is to install the case on the wall, placing it so that the cable inlet is facing up and the computer connector is facing down. Although this installation option can be changed, depending on the specific conditions, the outlet can be installed horizontally.

As you can see, connecting an Internet outlet is not a complicated operation and anyone can handle it. This can only take a few minutes. In this case, once is enough, although the first time it may not work, especially if there are no skills in handling wires.

In order not to suffer too much, it is better to watch the corresponding video, which shows and tells how to connect a computer outlet with 4 wires and with 8 wires.

Despite the different number of wires, the connection technology is the same.

Connecting an internal internet socket

The main task of the connection is to be able to correctly disassemble the Internet outlet, since each manufacturer solves this problem in its own way.

The most important thing is to disassemble it so that there is free access to contacts with microknives. It is in this part that the connection is made, after which the housing cover with contacts is closed. Each model of such an outlet has its own way of assembly and disassembly.

If you take, for example, a Legrand computer socket, then to get to the place where the wires of the Legrand Valena RJ-45 socket are connected, you first need to remove the front cover. Inside the case you can see a white plastic panel with an impeller, where an arrow is drawn (see photo).

The handle on the panel is turned in the direction of the arrow, after which the front panel is removed. On the surface of the panel there is a metal plate with a pattern, by which you can determine to which contacts and which wire should be connected. The color coding of twisted pairs is also indicated here. Before starting the connection, wires are threaded through the hole located on the plate, prepared for the connection process.

To make it clearer, it's better to watch the prepared video.

You can also find a Lezard Internet socket. The construction here is completely different. The front panel is designed with screws, therefore, to remove it, it is enough to unscrew these screws. As for her insides, everything here is fastened with latches. To pull the insides out of the case, you need to pick up a regular, small screwdriver and squeeze the clamps.

To get to the contact group and remove it from the case, you need to press the latch, which can be found on top. As a result of such actions, you may end up with a box in your hands, with which you will have to remove the cover to get to the contacts. To remove the cover, just pry the side petals with a thin object. You will still have to make some effort, since the latch is quite elastic. At the same time, you need to remember that plastic is in your hands and, if everything is not done carefully, then you can break it.

For greater clarity, it is suggested that you familiarize yourself with the video tutorial.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the presence of a corresponding video on the Internet simplifies the process of mastering various actions or carrying out work related to connecting computer outlets. Although each outlet model is designed differently, the connection process is the same for everyone. The most important thing is to master the connection process itself, associated with certain features. It would seem that it would be easier if the connection was carried out using twisting or soldering, which would be available to almost everyone. But at the same time, it would not have been possible to ensure the compactness and accuracy of the connection itself. But such connections have their advantages: you would not have to stock up on "jacks". Although, on the other hand, this method of connection is more designed for professionalism, simplicity and speed, especially if you use a special tool.

And, nevertheless, if you have at least some skills in working with electrical wires, then such a connection does not contain any difficulties. Without inviting any specialists, it is really possible to wire a computer network in your apartment or private house. Moreover, such specialists will take a considerable amount for this.

The 8P8C "RJ45" modular connector is crimped in accordance with the TIA / EIA-568 standard when used on an Ethrnet network.

There are two pinout options - "A" and "B". In Russia, a tradition has developed to disconnect plugs and sockets exclusively by pinout "B".

In everyday life, we are faced with low-speed networks - up to 100 Mbps. For such speeds, four cores are enough. ▼

For reasons of economy, low-speed networks typically use a 4-core cable.
In such a cable, there are only two pairs - orange and blue. Pay attention - couple not green, but it connects to those pins that are assigned to the green pair in the classic pinout. ▼

Sockets 8P8C

The numbering of contacts on the socket strips is not regulated by the standard. Each manufacturer places the contacts on the pads in a random order.

But it should be noted that the correspondence "pin number - wire color" is of course standard: 1 - white-orange, 2 - orange, etc. But where on the block is contact number 1, and where number 2 - depends on the specific model. If the cheat sheet is unstuck and lost, all that remains is to look for an outlet of the same model to find out how to unplug it.

Most often I had to deal with the following contact arrangement on the patch block. ▼

"A" and "B"

Quite natural question: Why are there two pinout options - A and B?
Answer: Previously, cables were crimped at one end at "A" and at the other end at "B". These are the so-called crossover cables. Such cables were required to interconnect two hierarchically equivalent network elements, for example, two switches or two PCs. In turn, compound slave element with superior (e.g., a PC server) is performed and a cable crimped at both sides equally - A-A or B-B.
In modern practice, the need for crossover cables has disappeared. All network elements are connected with B-B crimped patch cords.

Twisted Pair Types

Designations for Common Types of Twisted Pair Cables

Common name	ISO / IEC 11801 designation	Shared screen	Couples screen
UTP	U / UTP	no	no
STP, ScTP, PiMF	U / FTP	no	foil
FTP, STP, ScTP	F / UTP	foil	no
STP, ScTP	S / UTP	braid	no
SFTP, S-FTP, STP	SF / UTP	braid, foil	no
FFTP	F / FTP	foil	foil
SSTP, SFTP, STP PiMF	S / FTP	braid	foil
SSTP, SFTP	SF / FTP	braid, foil	foil

The letter code before the slash denotes the type of overall screening for the entire cable, the code after the line denotes the type of individual screening for each twisted pair:
U - Unshielded, no screen

F - Foil, foil

S - Braided screening, wire braiding (outer screen only)

TP - Twisted Pair, twisted pair

TQ - individual screen for two twisted pairs (for 4 wires) ▼

The twisted pair is manufactured in two modifications:
- with a solid (solid) conductor
- with stranded conductor

In cases where the cable is subject to vibration or frequent touching (such as a patch cord), it is necessary to use stranded wire... He is more tenacious, is not susceptible to quick breaking off of his veins.

There is a cable not with solid copper, but with copper-plated conductors - you can't take this one.

With a long cable length, and if high noise immunity is required, S / FTP is used with a shield on each pair, and a common one covering all this from the outside. In this case, it is better to take connectors metal, or in a metal sheath RJ-45 FTP.

Connector selection

The connectors must match the wire type! ▼

Choosing the right connector for a particular type of wire is extremely important. A suitable connector will provide the maximum number of reliable contact points and will not damage the conductor. ▼

Platinum Tools® EZ-RJ45® loop-through connectors make crimping twisted pairs a breeze. The conductors of the twisted pair do not rest against the end of such a connector, but go outward, so there is no need to measure the cable overhang and trim the conductors before crimping. After crimping, the excess is simply cut off. Available on AliExpress at a price of RUB 800 per hundred (2017). ▼

If the cable has to be poked frequently, the retainer on the plug breaks. I recommend using durable connectors with an elastic retainer.

An interesting novelty is the Field-Mountable reusable connectors from BTR and R&M. No special tools required. I have not found it on sale for Russia yet. I think the price for such connectors will be a horse.

Splicing twisted pair

Eliminating an open-circuit twisted pair in accordance with technical requirements is carried out either by completely replacing the cable, or by crimping the ends and connecting them through the so-called. "Barrel" -

Today many people have a computer in their apartment and have an Internet connection. There is often a need to connect a computer to the Internet using a cable or extend the wire when moving a user device to another location. You may also want to create a home network of several computers. All these issues are solved by creating an Internet network from a special cable.

Basic concepts

A special type of cable for the manufacture of computer and telecommunication networks is called "twisted pair". It consists of several pairs of copper conductors in insulation, twisted together with a certain number of turns per unit length. The most common is 8-wire twisted pair. All cores are enclosed in a common polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheath.

Small twisting or twisting is done in order to neutralize interference from electromagnetic radiation from the conductors themselves and from third-party sources. Because when the cores are located close, the electromagnetic radiation generated by them is extinguished against each other, without creating signal losses. In addition, external interference is caught by the two twisted conductors in the same way, therefore it is easily recognized by the receiving device and cut off. The result is a high-quality digital signal with minimal losses.

Modern computer networks are connected with cables of the fifth category and higher. Today, the most common modification of cables No. 5 and No. 5е is capable of operating at frequencies of more than 100 and 125 MHz, transmitting up to 1000 Mb / s, with a conductor section of 0.5 mm 2. The sixth and seventh categories of cables are used for high-speed Internet, have a bandwidth of up to 10 and up to 100 Gb / s, respectively, and with thicker cores.

Twisted Pair Types

UTP - twisted pairs are not shielded, there is no external shield. The most common type for apartment computer networks when there is no large interference and distances.
FTP - twisted pairs are not shielded, but there is an external foil shield. It is used in small offices where it is necessary to transfer data over distances of up to 100 m without loss of speed, and where interference is encountered.
STP - each twisted pair is braided with a wire protective shield, there is an external shield. Used in medium-sized offices and establishments where there may be leads. They allow you to maintain the quality of the signal when transmitting over long distances, but not higher than 100 m.
SF / UTP - twisted pairs are not shielded, but there is an outer copper braid and foil film that make up the double shield. They are used in enterprises to maintain signal quality over long distances and to protect against interference.
S / FTP - each twisted pair is shielded with foil, there is an external shield in the form of a copper braid. It is used in enterprises with high interference and where it is necessary to maintain the speed of information transmission over a long distance.

The color of the cable insulation is gray, the most widely used color. Red or orange color means the insulation is made of non-combustible material.

Two ways to crimp twisted pair

Computer cable Rj-45 is connected to the device via 8P8C connector (abbreviation from English words 8 positions, 8 contacts). This connector is installed on the cable by crimping a twisted pair of 8 conductors in a color scheme, depending on the telecommunication standards.

The 568-A standard is obsolete and the most commonly used 568-B.

Following the diagram, the conductors with the 568-A system are laid as follows:

White and emerald.
Emerald.
White and red.
Blue.
White and blue.
Redhead.
White chocolate
Chocolate

The color order for crimping twisted pair according to the 568-B standard is as follows:

White and red.
Redhead.
White and emerald.
Blue.
White and blue.
Emerald.
White chocolate.
Chocolate.

The connector has eight grooves, where 8 twisted pair wires are laid in a color scheme. The pinout is shown above.

Network cables are needed to connect computers and in various combinations. For example, connect a router to a network, a computer to a router, two computers to each other, a splitter, a TV to a router. There are two options for making network cables.

Direct twisted pair connection by color

The first way is direct. pinouts of a twisted pair of 8 wires can be made both according to the 568 A standard (when one and the other ends of the wire are crimped according to the 568 A type), and according to the 568 V standard (when one and the other ends of the wire are crimped according to the 568 V type).

In our country, the 568 V method is common, and in the USA and Europe, the 568 A type is most often used. The only difference between these two methods is the interchanged veins of white-green with white-orange and green with orange. It is used to connect various user devices (computer, TV, laptop) to network equipment (switch, router, hub, router, patch cords, extension cable), and is also used to connect network devices to each other. The information transfer rate with this scheme is 1 Gbit / s.

Direct twisted pair connection 100 Mbps

In some cases, when a high speed of the Internet is not required and traffic of large volumes is not provided, you can use a connection by the colors of a twisted pair of 4 cores: white-red, red, white-emerald, emerald. This method saves the consumption of wires, but it must be borne in mind that the highest information transfer rate drops 10 times and is 100 Mb / s.

Crossover Twisted Pair

The second way is cross or cross. Crimping a twisted pair of 8 cores (color scheme) is shown below, it is used to combine two computers into a home network without any network equipment or two client devices of the same type (computer, TV, laptop).

To make a crossover cable, you need to crimp one end of the wire according to the 568 A standard, and the other according to the 568 V standard. In this case, the veins are swapped: white-red with white-emerald, red with emerald. In this case, the information transfer rate will be only 100 Mbit / s. The Gigabit Crossover scheme involves swapping all eight veins: white-red with white-emerald, red with emerald, blue with white-chocolate and white-blue with chocolate. This 8-wire twisted pair pinout color scheme is designed for high speed 1000Base-T and 1000Base-TX networks when the data transfer rate is 1 Gbps.

To summarize, you can understand that if you need to connect a computer to the Internet, you should crimp both ends of the cable according to the 568 V type. the other is by replacing all eight wires.

How to crimp a network cable?

Now that it has become known how to correctly connect the twisted pair by color, you can start crimping. How to do this is described below.

Tools and materials

Sequencing

Using two knives on the crimper, you can cut the cable to the desired length. Then remove 2 cm of outer insulation from both ends of the cable using a knife and a notch in the crimper near the handles of the tool. You can also do this with a stripper or a sharp knife, but only carefully so as not to damage the insulation of the cores.

Spin the twisted pairs to make 8 separate cores. They are laid out in a row, according to the color scheme of the pinout of the twisted pair of 8 wires.

It is necessary that the ends of the veins are all on the same line, one is not longer than the other. The quality of the crimp depends on this. If any vein is longer, it should be cut to the level of others. The connector is turned over with the latch down, then all the cores are inserted into the connector along the grooves until they stop, observing the pinout. The outer cable insulation should be in the connector body, if this has not happened, the ends should be cut shorter.

Insert the connector with the cable into the crimper socket with the inscription 8P. Squeeze the handles firmly but smoothly until they click. If you have a tool on hand, this procedure is quite simple, but if there are no pliers, then you can get by with a flat screwdriver. To do this, put the tip of the screwdriver on the connector contact and push until it cuts through the insulation of the core with its teeth. Do this with each of the eight contacts. Then you should also push through the central part of the connector body - a notch on the connector near the cable entry for fixing. If it didn't work the first time, you can cut off the failed connector and do it again.

Check the quality of work with a multimeter. To do this, set the "resistance" mode on the device. To check the device, close the two probes together, the resistance should show 0 - it means there is a contact. Then put one probe in contact at one end of the cable, and the other probe on the corresponding color contact at the other end. If it shows 0, therefore, there is a connection, everything is fine. If it shows 1 or so, then the teeth did not break through the insulation, you should either push the contacts again, or cut and do it again.

You can check the quality of crimping the twisted pair of 8 cores in another way. Ring the sequence of wires with a special network tester. How to use it is written in the attached instructions. And you can also connect the ready-made patch cord to the equipment and check if all the packets are received.

Ten years ago, home Internet was a rarity, now in cities almost everyone has it. Moreover, the device is no longer one, so you have to make a fairly extensive network at home, pull wires, install Internet sockets. The wires for the internet are called twisted pair cables. They end with a special plug-connector. The very process of connecting a cable to a connector is called "twisted pair crimping". About what it is and how to do everything with your own hands and let's talk further.

Twisted pair is a special cable that consists of one or more pairs of copper wires in a protective sheath, twisted together with a certain pitch. If there are several pairs in the cable, the pitch of their twisting is different. This reduces the influence of conductors on each other. Twisted pair is used to create data transmission networks (Internet). The cable is connected to devices through special connectors that are inserted into standardized equipment connectors.

Types and types

The twisted pair cable can be protected or not. The shielded pair has shields of aluminum foil or braid. Protection can be common - for the cable - and in pairs - for each pair separately. For installation indoors, you can take an unshielded cable (UTP marking) or with a common foil shield (FTP). For laying outdoors, it is better to take with additional metal braiding (SFTP). If the twisted pair runs along the route in parallel with electrical cables, it makes sense to take a cable with protection of each pair (STP and S / STP). Thanks to the double shielding, the cable length can be over 100 m.

Twisted pair - cable used to connect wired internet

There is also a twisted pair, stranded and single-core. Single-core wires bend worse, but have better characteristics (the signal can be transmitted over long distances) and tolerate crimping better. They are used when connecting internet sockets. In this case, the cable is fixed during installation and then hardly bends.

A stranded twisted pair bends well, but has a greater attenuation (the signal passes worse), it is easier to cut it during crimping, it is more difficult to insert it into the connector. It is used where flexibility is important - from the Internet socket to the terminal device (computer, laptop, router).

Selection of category and containment

And a few words about the color of the protective sheath and the shape of the cable. The most common gray twisted pair, but there is also orange (bright red). The first type is ordinary, the second is in a shell that does not support combustion. It makes sense to use a non-flammable twisted pair cable in wooden houses (just in case), but there is no special need for this.

Twisted pair can be round or flat in shape. A round twisted pair is used almost everywhere, and a flat one is needed only when laying on a floor. Although no one bothers you to let it go under the skirting board or in a special skirting board with.

Number of pairs

Mostly twisted pair comes in 2 pairs (4 wires) and 4 pairs (8 wires). By current standards, at speeds up to 100 Mb / s, two-pair cables (four wires) can be used. At speeds from 100 Mb / s to 1 Gb / s, 4 pairs (eight wires) are needed.

It is better to immediately take a cable for 8 wires ... so that you do not have to pull

At present, the speed of data transfer with an Internet connection for private houses and apartments does not exceed 100 Mb / s, that is, you can take a twisted pair of 4 wires. But the situation is changing so quickly that there is no guarantee that in a few years the threshold of 100 Mb / s will be exceeded, which means that the cable will have to be pulled. Actually, now there are tariffs with a speed of 120 Mbit / s and higher. So it's better to pull 8 wires at once.

What is twisted pair crimping and how to do it

To connect to a peripheral device, the twisted pair ends with a specially shaped plug - a connector, into the grooves of which wires are inserted. These grooves end with copper contact plates, and a metal plate with slots (knives) is installed approximately in the middle of their length perpendicular to the plane of the plates. When the twisted pair is crimped, the inserted wires are pressed against the knives, they cut through the protective sheath of the wires, and they themselves are tightly pressed against the copper conductor, ensuring good contact.

At first glance, this method of connection seems unreliable, but practice has shown that it is, at least, not inferior to high-quality soldering, and sometimes even more reliable, since the chances of damaging the insulation are minimal. But good contact is ensured only if standards are observed in the manufacture of connectors and twisted pair.

To crimp a twisted pair, you need special pliers with a socket for the connector. A connector with wires tucked into it is inserted into this socket, then the pliers are compressed until they stop. This completes the twisted pair crimp. This method is reliable, since the clamp force develops a standard force, which is just necessary to cut through the insulation, but not enough to damage the conductors. Such crimping pliers (or crimps) cost about $ 15-18. If you need to install multiple connectors, you can already consider buying such equipment. If you only need to end one piece of cable, you can try to get by with a regular screwdriver or pliers.

When crimping a twisted pair with a screwdriver, each wire is separately pressed into and pressed into the knife until the sheath is cut. The method is not the most convenient - the screwdriver slips off, it is difficult to check whether the shell is cut, there is no certainty that the wire is not damaged. But this crimping method is also possible.

When crimping twisted pair with pliers, you need to be even more careful. We press the plate with sponges, but since the shape of the pliers is not sharpened for the connector, it is easy to squeeze along the edges of the wire or break the case. Therefore, we press a little, on one side and on the other. If the middle is not tight, take a screwdriver and straighten the wires with it.

Choosing a pinout scheme

As you might guess, the wires in the connector must be placed in a certain order. This order in the language of professionals is called "pinout". In our country, two wire layouts are adopted: straight (568V) and cross (kross-over in Russian "cross-over", denoted 568A). Direct pinout is used when connecting a switch / hub / router with a computer or other device, cross-pinout - when connecting two computers directly. That is, we usually use the direct circuit, which is labeled 568B. The order of wires when crimping a twisted pair in this case is as in the photo.

If you look at this diagram, you will understand why it is called straight. Because if a twisted pair is crimped with it, the wires on both ends of the cord (if done) are located the same.

The following diagram shows the crossover pinout of a twisted pair cable. The name is also clear - on the opposite side, the wires are arranged in a different - inverted - order.

There is also a scheme for crimping a twisted pair into 4 conductors (two-pair cable). Some of the tracks in the connector remain empty. But the order of actions does not change.

This connection method is used only for connecting peripheral devices, so the circuit is only straightforward. Please note that on each diagram there are numbers from 1 to 8. They indicate the contact number. When laying wires in a connector or when connecting to an outlet, look for numbers on the body. They are squeezed out, but they are not easy to see on transparent or white plastic. Having found the numbers 1 or 8, you know how to hold the connector and in what order to arrange the wires.

Twisted pair crimping procedure

Now about the process itself. When working, you must be careful not to damage the conductors or insulation in the wrong place. If there are no special tools for stripping the insulation, use a clerical or sharpened kitchen knife. In order not to damage the insulation, first cut it a little, then bend the cable. Chalk is specially added to the polymer shell, which makes it brittle when broken. So the slightly cut insulation breaks when bent. This is with regard to stripping the cable sheath. It will still be necessary to cut the conductors, there are no special tricks here - take the pliers and bite off.

The procedure for crimping a twisted pair is as follows:

We carefully remove the insulation from the cable. We make an incision at a distance of about 15 mm from the edge, without trying to cut through the shell. Then we grab the cable on both sides of the cut and bend it. The shell bursts at the cut. It is necessary to change the bending direction a couple of times so that the insulation is completely separated. Then we just pull the separated piece to the side, it comes off without much effort.
We straighten the conductors, if there is a screen, we twist it and bend it to the side. We lay out the wires by color according to the required scheme. We squeeze them between the thumb and forefinger, straighten them so that they are straight and go one next to the other.
We take nippers, cut the wires so that they stick out the beginning of the insulation by 9-10 mm.
Take the RJ-45 connector, turn it with the tail down, insert the wires into the grooves. This is perhaps the hardest part. Without experience, they do not want to climb into their places.
Push the inserted wires forward until they stop. At the same time, if you cut the wires correctly, the edge of the insulation rests against the risk on the connector. It is this crimping of the Internet cable that will work without problems. If it is not a cable in a sheath that comes out of the connector, but wires in insulation stick out, after a while problems are possible, you will have to crimp the twisted pair in a new way.
"All the way" is for the wires to reach the end of the grooves, and the insulation rested against the side
We take the pliers, insert the connector into the socket (there is a slot of a special shape, so you can't go wrong), squeeze the handles. This completes the twisted pair crimp.
Crimping the twisted pair, the last stage - press with pliers