Installing dos 7.1 without floppy disks. Running old DOS programs under Windows x64. MS-DOS operating system commands

Splitting hard disk to partitions and logical drives
Partitioning a hard disk into partitions and logical disks is carried out by the FDISK.EXE operating system command. Command format: [drive:] [path \\] FDISK where drive: - name of the drive containing the file with the FDISK program; path \\ - path to the file with the FDISK program; / STATUS - Shows hard disk partitioning information without running FDISK. The command splits the hard disk into partitions and logical disks, which will later be used to store the operating system and user files. On a disk, regardless of its size, you can have only one partition, which in this case occupies the entire disk. This partition is called primary and coincides with logical drive C. In practice, such formatting is advisable only for small disks. More often, a disk is divided into two partitions - a primary (C drive) and an extended one, in which logical disks are created (using the same FDISK command), the number of which is determined by the size of the extended partition and the conditions for using the computer. If only one logical disk is created in the extended partition, it will be named D; with a larger number of disks, they will have names D, E, F, etc. to Z. The primary partition can have an arbitrary size, occupying, in particular, the entire hDD ... Partitioning the hard disk In order to repartition the hard disk of the computer, install the system floppy disk to boot the system from it. The diskette must contain exactly the version of DOS that you plan to install on your hard drive. Next, the FDISK program is called, which displays the following menu: Current fixed disk drive: 1 Choose one of the following: 1. Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive 2. Set active partition 3. Delete pertitioni or Logical DOS Drive 4. Display partition information Enter choice: (Current hard disk drive: 1 Select one of the following: 1. Create a DOS partition or DOS logical drives 2. Install an active partition 3. Delete a DOS partition or logical drives 4. Output information about partitions Print the item number:) First of all, the existing logical disks and partitions should be deleted from the disk, which is carried out by selecting item 3. A menu appears on the screen, consisting of the following items: 1. Delete Primary DOS Partition 2. Delete Extended DOS Partition 3. Delete Logical DOS Drive (s) in the Extended DOS Partition 4. Delete Non-DOS Partition (1. Deleting a primary DOS partition 2. Deleting an extended DOS partition 3. Deleting DOS logical drives in an extended D partition OS 4. Removing non-DOS partitions) Remove disk partitioning in the following order: - logical drives of the extended partition; - extended section; - primary section. After clearing the disk, you can start partitioning it, for which you should return to the main menu (press the key and select item 1). A menu appears on the screen, consisting of the following items: 1. Create Primary DOS Partition 2. Create Extended DOS Partition 3. Create Logical DOS Drive (s) in the Extended DOS Partition (1. Create a primary DOS partition 2. Create an extended DOS partition 3 Creating logical DOS disks in an extended DOS partition) Creating partitions and disks should be performed in the following order: - primary partition; - extended section; - logical drives in order (D :, E :, F :, etc.). After selecting item 1 (creating a primary partition), the following question is displayed on the screen: Do you wish to use the maximum available size for a Primary DOS Partition and make the partition active (Y / N) ............ .........? [N] (Do you want to create a primary DOS partition of the largest possible size and make it active?) This question should be answered in the affirmative (pressing the Y key) only if you intend to give the entire physical disk to a single logical drive C. Otherwise, press the N key. The screen displays information about the available disk space and prompts you to indicate the required size of the future drive C in the whole number of megabytes or as a percentage of the total volume: Total disk space is 1000 Mbytes (1 Mbyte \u003d 1048576 bytes) Maximum space available for partition is 1000 Mbytes (100%) Enter partition size in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%) to create a Primary DOS Partition ..................... ......: (The total disk space is 1000 MB (1 MB \u003d 1,048576 bytes) The maximum possible partition size is 20 MB (100%) Enter the partition size in MB or as a percentage of the total disk space (%) if you want to create a primary DOS section ................ :) In this example, the total disk space is 10,000 MB; In response to question 6 above, the number 200 was entered. FDISK reported the creation of a primary partition: Create Primary DOS Partition Current fixed disk drive: 1 Partition Status Type Volume Label Mbytes System Usage C: 1 PRI DOS 200 UNKNOWN 20% Primary DOS Partition created The message indicates that a partition number 1 has been created with the name C: of the PRI DOS type (primary DOS, the primary DOS partition) with a volume of 200 MB (20% of the total); the name of the system installed on it UNKNOWN (unknown). The next step is to make this section active by selecting item 2 in the main menu and specifying the number of the section to be made active in response to the program request (1). Next, you should start creating an extended DOS partition and logical disks in it, for which in the main menu you should again select item 1 (create DOS partitions or logical DOS disks), and in the next menu that appears on the screen - item 2 (create an extended DOS partition) ... The FDISK program displays a message indicating that the status of the primary partition C has become A (active). Further, it is indicated that the maximum possible size of the partition being created is 800 MB and it is proposed to confirm this value (by pressing the key) or specify another value: Create Extended DOS Partition Current fixed diek drive: 1 Partition Status Type Volume Label Mbytes System Usage C: 1 A PRI DOS 200 UNKNOWN 20% Total disk space is 1000 Mbytes (1 Mbyte \u003d 1048576 bytes) Maximum space available for partition is 800 Mbytes (80%) Enter partition size in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%) to create an Extended DOS Partition .. .......................: Since only one extended DOS partition can exist on a disk, it makes no sense to limit its size (although in principle it is possible) and on the program question should be answered in the affirmative. FDISK confirms the creation of an extended partition (type EXT.DOS): Create Extended DOS Partition Current fixed disk drive: 1 Partition Status Type Volume Label Mbytes System Usage C: 1 PRI DOS 200 UNKNOWN 20% 2 EXT DOS 800 UNKNOWN 80% Extended DOS Partition created Although the extended partition has been created, it does not yet contain any logical drives. To create them, select item 1 in the main menu again, and in the next - item 3 (creating logical disks in an extended DOS partition). Then, in response to the program's questions, you should enter the sizes (in megabytes or percentages) of the logical drives (D :, E :, F :, etc.) to be created. It is natural to give the last disk all the remaining disk space. This concludes the work with the FDISK program. When exiting an FDISK session, the system always requires a computer restart. After rebooting (by pressing the key), you can proceed to further operations. The created disks have not yet been initialized: there is no operating system on the C: drive, and none of the disks contains the system boot record areas, file allocation tables and root directory necessary for their operation). The creation of these areas is done in a formatting process using the DOS FORMAT command. Formatting the C drive with the transfer of the system files IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS and COMMAND.COM to it is carried out with the FORMAT C: / S command. After formatting, the system asks for the label of the created volume. This label does not matter; drive C can be given any label, for example, SYSTEM or none. Then you should sequentially format all the created logical disks with the FORMAT D: FORMAT E: commands, etc. If desired, you can create a volume label on each disk, although this does not make much practical sense. Having finished the partitioning and formatting, you need to make sure that the created system is working, for which, after removing the system floppy from the drive, you should reboot with the Ctrl-Alt-Del command. If the system boots successfully and allows access to all created logical disks, you can start copying files with the system and application software: external DOS commands, drivers, tool packages, keyboard and screen localizers, etc. Finally, the final operation is to create with the help of some text editor start files CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT.

Although DOS is not the same operating system, which we widely use today, it may still be needed. For example, many tutorials on bIOS update it is reported that all operations should be performed in this OS. So, here is an instruction on how to make bootable USB drive DOS.

The process of creating a bootable DOS flash drive in WinToFlash is no more complicated than in the previous described case:

1. Run the program
2. Select the "Advanced Mode" tab
3. In the "Task" field, select "Create a drive with MS-DOS" and click the "Create" button

After that, you will be prompted to select the USB drive that you want to make bootable and, in less than a minute, you will receive a USB flash drive to boot your computer into MS DOS.

Another way

Well, the last method, for some reason the most common on Russian-language sites. Apparently, one instruction went to all. Anyway, this method for creating a bootable MS-DOS flash drive does not seem optimal to me.

In this case, you will need to download this archive: http://files.fobosworld.ru/index.php?f\u003dusb_and_dos.zip, which contains a folder with the DOS operating system itself and a program for preparing a USB flash drive.

1. Run the USB Storage Tool (file HPUSBFW.exe), indicate that formatting should be done in FAT32, and also check the box that we intend to create an MS-DOS bootable USB flash drive.
2. In the corresponding field, specify the path to the DOS files (the dos folder in the archive). Start the process.

Using a bootable DOS flash drive

I dare to assume that you made a bootable USB flash drive with DOS OS in order to boot from it and run some program designed for DOS. In this case, I recommend, before restarting your computer, copy the program files to the same USB flash drive. After rebooting, set the boot from the USB drive to the BIOS, how to do this is described in detail in the manual:. Then, when the computer boots into DOS, to start the program, you just need to specify the path to it, for example: D: /program/program.exe.

It should be noted that booting into DOS is usually required only to run those programs that need low-level access to the system and computer hardware - flashing the BIOS and other chips. If you want to run old game or a program that won't run on Windows, try using DOSBOX for a better solution.

That's all for this topic. I hope you will solve your problems.

This article describes the algorithm for the minimal installation of MS-DOS 7.1 (7.10) on a computer hard drive. The result of our manipulations will be loading the operating system from the hard disk. On drive C: the following files should appear:

• IO.SIS
• MSDOS.SYS
• COMMAND.COM

MS-DOS 7.1 on the C: \\\u003e drive.

We will install:

1. Using a bootable floppy disk.
2. Using a bootable CD.

Preparing for installation.

A bootable floppy disk is created as described in the article Additional files must be copied to the floppy disk fdisk.exe, format.com, sys.com... When accessing a computer with the Windows 98 operating system installed, these files can be found in the C: \\ WINDOWS \\ COMMAND \\ directory (it is assumed that windows 98 is installed in the C: \\ WINDOWS directory) and copied to a boot floppy disk. If there is no access to such a machine, then download the image of the installation floppy disk with the specified files from our website and transfer the image to the floppy disk using the Floppy Image program. If you want to simplify the process, download the installation * .exe file, which, when launched, creates a boot floppy with necessary files will happen automatically, without using the Floppy Image program.

The floppy image includes two additional files Volcov Commander... For start file manager (if you need it) after booting from the floppy, type vc.com ( A: \\\u003e vc.com) and press " Enter«.

Thus, on boot floppy there must be files:

• IO.SIS
• MSDOS.SYS
• COMMAND.COM
• FDISK.EXE
• FORMAT.COM
• SYS.COM

Drive A: \\\u003e for installing MS-DOS 7.1 on your hard drive.

There is no need to create a bootable CD - download the image of Bootable MS-DOS disc # 1 and burn it to a CD blank using Nero, UltraIso or similar programs.

Installing the operating system.

Installing the MS-DOS operating system includes the following steps:

1. Create a boot record (BOOT RECORD) on the hard disk.
2. Partitioning a hard disk into primary and extended partitions.
3. Select (assign) the active main section.
4. Create logical (logical) disks on an extended partition.
5. Formatting the created disks.
6. Copy the main MS-DOS 7.1 system files to the C: drive of your hard drive.

It should be noted that creating a boot record is not always necessary. But we highly recommend doing this for many reasons. This is especially important if you are using a hard drive that previously had an operating system installed using its own boot record (almost all operating systems except MS-DOS, Windows 3.11-Windows XP). You should play it safe by overwriting the boot record if rebuilding hard disk, suspicions of its infection with boot viruses, etc.

You should also not forget about making the main partition active. Otherwise, the operating system will not boot, giving an error.

More information about the structure hard drives in Windows and MS-DOS systems, you can find out by reading the articles on our site on the topic Hard disk partitioning.In any case, let's move on to the article MS-DOS 7 - Minimal installation. Part 4.

The necessary programs, floppy disk images are available.

In any organization, it may turn out that when upgrading old computers to new ones, one may face such a fact that the computers are new, but the need to use old programs has not disappeared. And one of the old programs may well turn out to be some application written in the 90s under MS-DOS, which completely refuses to run on modern operating systems. In this case, the MS-DOS emulator called DOSBox, the use of which this article is devoted.

Downloading latest version , after we install. No unusual steps are required when installing the program.

Now we are looking for the DOS program you need. Let's say it is located on disk D in the folder Prog and called Prog.exe... Go to this folder and create a text file there with any name and extension conf... We write in it:

Mount c D: \\ Prog c: Prog.exe exit

• mount c D: \\ Prog - mounts the D: \\ Prog folder in the emulator as a hard disk partition FROM;
• c: - navigates to the section C hard drive;
• Prog.exe - starts up the desired program... Instead exe file there can also be files with the extension bat or pif.
• exit - closes DOSBox after program termination. Works ONLY with exe files.

If you need DOSBox to close after starting bat filea, then instead of just running prog.bat we write:

Call prog.bat

Now we create another text file with the bat extension. We write in it:

Start "" "C: \\ Program Files (x86) \\ DOSBox-0.74 \\ DOSBox.exe" -conf "D: \\ Prog \\ prog.conf"

Instead "C: \\ Program Files (x86) \\ DOSBox-0.74" specify the path where the DOSBox program was installed. Instead D: \\ Prog specify the path to the required DOS program, and instead of prog.conf specify the name of the file created above.
We save and try to run. If everything went well, a DOSBox window will appear, in which the desired program will be launched.

Adding support for displaying the Russian language

However, the moment of triumph may be overshadowed by the complete absence of the Russian language - but this is fixable.
First, download the official localization from the official website - after which we unpack the contents of the archive into the directory with the program. Now open the conf file created above, and add the following to the very top there:

Language \u003d russian.txt keyboardlayout \u003d RU

Where "C: \\ Program Files (x86) \\ DOSBox-0.74 \\ russian.txt" is the path to the russian.txt file unpacked into the program folder.

If the path to the russian.txt file contains spaces, be sure to close it in quotes, as in the example above. If there are no spaces in the path, the quotes are not needed, and most likely DOSBox will not work correctly.

We save and try to run the program.

Now Russian characters are displayed and printed.

Switching the language in DOSBox is carried out by simultaneously pressing the left Alt and right Shift.

Refinement

If, when starting the program, the second DOSBox window, which opens together with the main window, confuses, then you can add the parameter to the bat file -noconsole, as a result, the bat file for launch will acquire the following form:

Start "" "C: \\ Program Files (x86) \\ DOSBox-0.74 \\ DOSBox.exe" -conf "D: \\ Prog \\ prog.conf" -noconsole

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3. Procedure for partitioning a hard disk
4.

Installing an operating system on a hard drive

If the user wants to complete the installation of the MS DOS operating system completely under his control, the Setup program should be run with the / M key. In this case, only system files IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS and COMMAND.COM. After completing the installation procedure additional filesnecessary for practical work (external commands, drivers, etc.) can be transferred to the hard disk manually by expanding them using the EXPAND command.

When you start the Setup program with the command

the initial frame with a message about the setting mode is displayed on the screen.

Since the minimal DOS installation creates a recovery disk, a warning is displayed on the screen to prepare the disk to save the old DOS. Pressing the "Enter" key continues the installation procedure.

Further setup program analyzes the configuration of the computer and displays a message about system settings. If necessary, the ones offered by the installer can be changed (mainly, the specification of the directory with system files).

After receiving user confirmation, the Setup program displays a final warning message that the DOS changeover process has started, telling you not to interrupt the process. The user at this stage can still refuse to install a new DOS by pressing the "F3" key, or give permission to install by pressing the "Y" key.

After installation on hard drive new version DOS, you should carefully analyze and possibly modify the autorun file AUTOEXEC.BAT configuration file and CONFIG.SYS, so they may be partially incorrect.

After installing the MS DOS operating system in a minimal configuration, you should transfer files with external commands, drivers and other system files to the hard disk. This procedure can be performed manually by using the EXPAND command on the selected distribution diskette files.

If you want to transfer the entire DOS to your hard drive, it is convenient to use the same Setup program by running it with the / Q key:

This method of building the system has the advantage that files can be transferred not only to the system directory of the bootable C: drive, but also to any directory of any logical drive (D :, E: etc.).

When run with the / Q switch, Setup displays a start-up frame that informs about the nature of the intended action.

After pressing the "Enter" key, a frame with system settings... If system files need to be moved not to the system directory specified in the frame (for example, C: \\ DOS60), but to some other directory or even to another disk, you should move the cursor to the line

MS-DOS Path: C: \\ DOS60

and press the "Enter" key. In the displayed frame, you can specify the required catalog specification, for example,

In this case, a new directory does not need to be created in advance; it will be created by Setup during the file transfer process.

After receiving the information about the required settings, Setup displays a warning message about starting the file transfer process, which is the same as the message about creating a new version of DOS.

When the system is installed on the disk in a minimal configuration, the composition of the newly created startup files (named by the CONFIG.NEW and AUTOEXEC.NEW systems) is likely to be incorrect, since there are no drivers or external MS DOS commands on the disk yet, and the startup files can be included lines of reference to them. Therefore, the composition of these files should be analyzed with particular care and appropriate changes should be made.