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Methodology for working with information resources. Topic: Working with information and educational resources Methods of working with information resources

Practical work No. 2. Information resources of the society.

Objective: learn to use educational information resources, search for the necessary information with their help, master the methods of working with the software.

Work plan:

1. Get acquainted with the theoretical part

2. Give examples using properties.

3. Answer questions

Equipment:

IBMPC

Theoretical part

The concept of "information resource of society" (IRO) is one of the key concepts of social informatics.

Informational resources - This is knowledge prepared for the appropriate social use.

IRO in the narrow sense of the word is knowledge that is already ready for rational social use, that is, alienated from carriers and materialized knowledge.

IRO in the broad sense of the word includes all knowledge that is alienated from carriers and included in the information exchange, existing both in oral and in materialized form.

The concept of a resource is defined in the dictionary of the Russian language by S.I. Ozhegova as a reserve, a source of something.

As for information resources, this concept is relatively new. It is just beginning to enter life modern society, although in recent years it has become increasingly common not only in scientific literature, but also in social and political activities. The reason for this, of course, is the global informatization of society, in which the especially important role of information and scientific knowledge is becoming increasingly recognized.

The following most important parameters are used to classify information resources:

Under educational information resources understand textual, graphic and multimedia information, as well as executable programs (distributions), that is electronic resourcescreated specifically for use in the learning process at a specific level of education and for a specific subject area.

When working with educational resources, such concepts as the subject and object of these resources appear. Subjects of information activity are classified as follows:

Educational electronic resources include:

electronic archives of issues.

Practical part

Exercise 1. Give examples:

a) reliable, but biased information;

b) objective, but unreliable information;

c) complete, reliable, but useless information;

d) irrelevant information;

e) relevant but incomprehensible information.

Task 2. Using the Universal Reference Encyclopedia, find answers to the following questions:

1) What is WWW?

2) Who was the developer of the first computer?

3) When is World Information Day?

4) Who is K.E. Tsialkovsky? The years of his life. Place of work.

5) Date of the first Olympic Games.

6) Mycenaean culture

7) When was the Trojan War?

Task 3.

Write down the answers to the questions:

1) What are information resources?

2) What are educational information resources?

3) What is related to educational information resources?

Unconventional Models of Library Lessons

One of the ways to introduce new approaches into the practice of educational activities of school library media centers in the United States was the design alternative models organization of the educational process, which are opposed to the traditional course of study. These are personality-centered models in which the emphasis is not on the child's memorization. a certain amount facts, but on the development of his ability to learn. At the same time, the main condition for efficiency in achieving results is the active independent work of schoolchildren.

V. B. Antipova,
head of the Center for Scientific and Pedagogical Information POIPKRO, Pskov

There is a module in my educational program " Working with information resources: searching and extracting information"For more details, click on the links.

Lesson number 1. .
Tasks: to teach to identify information resources; to form the skills of working with reference publications.

Lesson number 2.
Tasks: to teach to identify information resources; to form the skills of working with periodicals, scientific and educational literature; ability to work with text; the ability to assess information resources.

Lesson number 3-number 4.

Module "Working with information resources: search and retrieval of information"

7th grade

Objectives:
- expanding knowledge about the peculiarities of using various information resources;
- deepening of knowledge about various methods of information processing;
- the formation of skills and abilities to search, evaluate, process and use information;

Content:
Features of using information resources on electronic media. Hypertext. Electronic dictionaries, reference books, encyclopedias. Advantages and disadvantages of electronic media.
Information on traditional media. The main types of publications: periodical, non-periodical. The main types of literature: educational, reference, scientific, popular science, fiction.
Reference literature. Types of student reference books. Encyclopedias are universal and industry-specific. Reference apparatus of encyclopedias. Dictionaries, their purpose, structure and principles of working with them.

Concepts:
scientific reference apparatus of the book, bibliographic references, bibliographic list, hypertext, electronic editions.

Skills and abilities:
- assessment, processing and use of information resources on various media;
- use of reference books;

Features of various types and typesinformation resources. Reference literature

Tasks:

Teach to identify information resources;
- to form the skills of working with reference publications.

Equipment:
dictionaries, reference books, encyclopedias, magazines, fiction for completing assignments.

Form of organization of classes: lecture, practical lesson, demonstration presentations .

Preliminary preparation:
before the lesson, the librarian selects the maximum possible amount of information resources for work (printed and electronic): reference books, popular science publications, where you can find the necessary data.

Course of the lesson

Slide 2. Students are asked to answer the question "Why do we need information?" and together with them, the purposes of using information are highlighted: broadening one's horizons; learning activities - preparing homework; acquisition of new knowledge; acquisition of skills for access to information, entertainment (pastime), recreation, etc.

Slide 3. Features of various types of literature.
It is proposed to compare information in various resources and see if the purpose and purpose of information affects the style of its presentation.

(Students receive various information resources - dictionaries, encyclopedias, scientific and educational publications, magazines,artwork and the same task).

The main goal is to remind you that information is presented differently in different types of information resources. After analyzing the answers, it is concluded that the choice of information resources depends on information needs, the ultimate goal that is set when searching for information.

Information resources can be analyzed based on the criteria:
purpose (purpose) - entertainment, knowledge, teaching;
information content - completeness, the number of specific facts and information;
reliability - availability of a reference apparatus, availability of examples, links to confirmation of facts;
the volume of the text is short, detailed;
language of the text - figurative, scientific, colloquial;
way of presenting the material - style of speech, design, nature of illustrations.

Slide 4. Reference literature.
Considered in detail different types literature and move on to talking about reference literature.
Reference books are dictionaries, reference books and encyclopedias. Reference literature contains concise and accurate information about objects and phenomena. A feature of reference publications is the alphabetical arrangement of information, brevity, concise presentation, severity of language.

Slide 5, 6. FROM lover - This is a publication containing a collection of words, systematized in alphabetical, thematic order or on another basis with an explanation, interpretation or translation into another language.
Dictionaries are philological, encyclopedic, terminological. Philological dictionaries offer information about stress, spelling, pronunciation, origin, interpretation of words.
Spelling dictionaries show how to spell a particular word correctly. The word "spelling" is derived from the Greek words "orphos" - correctly and "count" - I write.
Explanatory dictionaries - explain the origin of words. An explanatory dictionary differs from a spelling dictionary in that it contains a brief interpretation of the meaning of each word, examples of the use of a word in speech are given.
The dictionary of foreign words includes those words that came to us from foreign languages. The dictionary not only interprets the meaning of this or that word, but also gives various other information about this word.
The etymological dictionary tells about the origin of words, their ancient meaning.
Terminological dictionaries contain terms of any science that include a strictly limited set of information. Terminological dictionaries include encyclopedic dictionaries.
Encyclopedic dictionaries are a scientific reference publication, which is a systematized body of knowledge in any area. The object of the description of encyclopedic dictionaries is mainly scientific concepts, terms, historical events, personalities, geographical realities, etc.
Using dictionaries is very easy. All words are in alphabetical order.

(Each student chooses one single word for himself.He must find this word in various dictionaries, explain its spelling, meaning, origin).

Slide 7. Encyclopedia means "circle of knowledge". This is a scientific or popular science reference manual for all or individual branches of knowledge. They briefly set out information about everything that people know.
There are encyclopedias: industry-specific and universal. It can be noted that encyclopedias are large - several dozen volumes (TSB), small (10-12 volumes), short (3-4 volumes).
Information in encyclopedias is arranged alphabetically or systematically.

Slide 8. The universal encyclopedia contains the most essential information in all areas of knowledge. Industry (thematic) encyclopedias offer an explanation of concepts, phenomena, personalities associated with one science or topic.

(Each student chooses the name of a famous person. He must find answers to the questions: "In what country was this person born?", "When was he born?", "Why did he become famous?", "Name the two most famous works (discoveries, etc.). P.)". A variant of the task may be the following: students are invited to go to the shelves with reference books and make a list of all the encyclopedias that are in the library).

Slide 9. Electronic dictionaries, reference books, encyclopedias.
Today, electronic resources and documents are rapidly spreading. What is it? Electronic document - a document in which information is encoded in a special form for use by computers.
A feature of electronic resources is the use of hypertext, that is, such a form of organization of textual, graphic material in which its semantic units are presented not in a linear sequence, but as a system of possible transitions between them. What does this mean? How is hypertext different from regular text?
Plain text (such as in a book) is arranged in a linear sequence, i.e. the first page is followed by the second, the second by the third, and so on.
Hypertext has a non-linear (arbitrary) structure. It can be flipped not only in a row, but in any order. For example, from the first page you can go directly to any other - thirty-seventh, fifty-ninth or the last one, and from there you can return to the first, etc. In addition, such text may contain hyperlinks that link different concepts and allow you to find related information quickly and immediately.
Why are electronic resources convenient? They provide super-fast information retrieval, audio, video and animation support, and interactive features.

Slide 10. There are electronic reference publications called local access resources. These are multimedia disks (CD-ROMs, DVDs), which are based on electronic text, graphics, video and sound, linked by a system of hyperlinks (transitions) and can be used on one computer. Today multimedia disks contain electronic dictionaries, reference books, encyclopedias.
Electronic reference books are a collection of materials of various formats (from diagrams and diagrams to feature films).
Electronic encyclopedias are electronic pages with texts and graphics classical encyclopedic character.

Slide 11. The main advantage of such an encyclopedia over conventional paper forms is a powerful information search system based on special software search algorithms, electronic catalogs, a search function for related information, support for video and animation, and, of course, a small physical volume. 50 volumes of the encyclopedia fit on one disc.
The disadvantages include some discomfort that the user experiences when reading texts from the monitor screen, and the need for very careful handling of disks.

Slide 12. Resources remote access (on-line) are the ones found on the internet.
Show some help resources that you can find online, for example:
Heading http://www.rubricon.com/
Encyclopedia "Krugosvet" http://www.krugosvet.ru

(The librarian demonstrates an algorithm for finding information in help resources, commenting on each step.Each student must find "his" word in electronic reference resources and answer the question: are there any differences between searching in paper and electronic resources)

After working on the task, the advantages and disadvantages of electronic reference resources for remote access are highlighted.
Advantages: fast access, the ability to work with materials on your computer.
Disadvantages: discomfort that the user experiences when reading texts from the monitor screen; vulnerability of electronic media; a certain instability of Internet resources - today there is a resource, tomorrow it disappeared.

(As a reinforcement of the material, a task is proposed - to find answers to questions of interest to students,using reference books (print and electronic). After completing the assignment, voice what resource they used.Work on an assignment can be both individual and pair).

Typically, electronic databases have a control panel for functions that are available at any time during a search session. However, depending on the base in which the search is carried out, the number of functions may vary. Use the service control panel or window to make searching easier. basic search (Basic Search) They usually contain hints to make the search parameters easier.

The "Search Modes" function introduces restrictions on search criteria (databases, terms, chronological coverage, etc.). For example, 4 operating modes are available in EBSCO:

Standard Search

Search all terms (All Words)

Search by Exact Phrase

Search by any of the entered terms (Any Words).

As we noted above, electronic resources allow you to search through their content using logical operators. Logical search operators are AND, OR, and NOT. Using these operators allows you to create a very extended, or, conversely, a very specific query.

The AND (and) operator combines search terms so that each search result contains all the specified terms. For example travel AND Europe will result in the selection of documents containing both terms at the same time.

The OR (or) operator combines search terms such that each search result contains at least one of the specified terms. For example, a college OR university will select documents containing either a college or a university.

The NOT operator excludes terms in such a way that none of the results contain the terms specified in the query after it. For example, a query television NOT cable would result in results that include the term television but not cable.

Using Boolean operators, formulate your query in English about your topic.

In the case when the user finds it difficult to accurately formulate the query, a replacement character (?) And a truncation character (*) are used

Truncation and replacement characters are used to form a query for words with unknown letters, spellings, or different endings. Note: The replacement character, as well as the truncation character, cannot be used as the first letter of the search term.

The letter is replaced with a question mark (?). To use this symbol, enter search terms and replace each unknown letter with a "?" The system will select results containing variants of the given letter combination, replacing the "?" letter. For example, type ne? T to get all links that contain the words neat, nest, or next. However, the system does not search for the word net because one letter has been replaced with a "?"

Truncation is indicated by an asterisk (*). To apply truncation, enter the stem of your search term and replace the ending with an asterisk "*". The system will search for all possible forms of the given word. For example, type comput * to find the words computer

Symbol? or * can be used in the beginning, end, or middle part of a word, but not more than once in one word. These characters replace an undefined sequence of characters in a word, cipher, number. For example: by request? Mechanical will be found: mechanical, biomechanical, geomechanical, micromechanical, boiler-mechanical, electromechanical; when searching for cats by author? - will be found: Kotov, Kotova, Kotovsky with different names and patronymics. With no sign? at the end of the surname only authors with the surname Kotov will be found.

When searching for a word that has spellings, in the case where one spelling is represented by more letters than the other, you can use the # symbol. The search will find all records with available word variants. In this case, in the found word in place of the # symbol, there may not be a single sign. For example, the query colo # r will find records with both the word color and the word color; and on request Stutt # Hart - Stuttgart and Stuttgart. When spellings of a word differ by one letter, the symbol! Is used. For example, the query wom! N will find records containing both the word woman and the word women, and the query envelope! P will find a converter and a converter. This symbol is useful if you are in doubt which letter is in a particular place in a search word in the required records.

The following examples demonstrate the difference between the functions of the symbols ?, #,!:

if the word pan # ev is given, then Panayev, Paniev, Panev, Pantev, but not Panichev will be found;

if the word pan! is given, then Panov and Panev, but not Pankov, Pankratov or Panayev.

The% symbol followed by a number can be placed between two words to show the desired interval within which these words should occur in the search text, i.e. the number in the query means how many words (without conjunctions) between the specified words can be in the found entry. The word order does not matter. For example, a search query for headings family psychology% 1 will find records containing the headings: Family Psychology; Psychology of the modern family; Family Psychology and Psychotherapy; Health of the whole family: Psychology. Physical health. Education, but titles will not be found: Psychology of the educational influence of the family on the child; Psychology and psychotherapy of marriage and family; Family Health: Physical Health. Psychology. Education.

Symbol! followed by a number can be placed between two words to show the desired interval within which these words should appear in the search text in the order of input, i.e. the number in the query means how many words (without conjunctions) between the specified words can be in the found entry. In this case, the words in the record must be in the same sequence as in the request. In this case, the search query for the titles psychology! 2 families will find records containing the titles: Family psychology; Psychology of the modern family; Family Psychology and Psychotherapy; Psychology and psychotherapy of marriage and family, but not titles: Health of the whole family: Psychology. Physical health. Education.

Laboratory work

Objective:Get acquainted with the main information and educational resources. Learn to use Internet resources for the optimal search for educational and special information, taking into account the specifics of the tasks.

Used software: browser Internet Explorer (or its equivalent), search engines, MS Word.

know

Informational resources societies are resources accumulated in a form that allows their reproduction for society, man. These are resources that carry information: books, articles, dissertations, research and development documentation, all kinds of databases and knowledge bases, technical translations, museum collections, ancient manuscripts, archaeological finds, works of art, library funds and archives, cinema -, photo, audio materials, including audio books, and, of course, materials from newspapers, magazines, TV shows, radio programs, etc.

Unlike all other types of resources (labor, energy, minerals, etc.), information resources grow the faster the more they are spent. Distinctive feature and value the bulk of information resources - their availability for ordinary users. Everyone can become a user of these resources.

Of course, modern information resources also include those that are stored in in electronic format.

Humanity seeks to preserve its information resources in digital form, then they can be used with the help of computers. All types of information resources, both in material and electronic form, can be called "long-term memory of mankind."

In many information resources, a significant place is occupied by information educational resources... These include educational books, dictionaries, encyclopedias, atlases, maps, various manuals, etc.

However, in connection with the progress in the field of computer technology, new forms of presentation of educational information have appeared. In addition to traditional educational products, bookstores widely present computer software used in the educational process, various training materials on CD containing training, monitoring and demonstration programs for almost all educational sections; eBooks, dictionaries-translators, electronic encyclopedias the volume of which is hundreds of times larger than the paper encyclopedia, various legal guides (DB) on disks and on the Internet. The same resources on the Internet allow you to use information from them in online mode , i.e., direct access mode.

Educational collections are being developed in the countries of the world. digital educational resources... For the convenience of access to them in Russia, a portal (entrance) to all educational sites is organized through a single window http://window.edu.ru on the state educational portal www.edu.ru.

In recent years, a special place in information resources began to occupy eBooks, hallmark which is the use of the technology of hyperlinks, allowing you to go to the established places of the electronic text (links) to various fragments of the book directly.

Electronic Libraries in the system of information educational resources have become an integral part of life - these are not only files on a computer disk or materials on CDs, but also materials on library sites on the Internet.

Exercise 1.

Using the site "Single Window" - http://window.edu.ru/, make a list of links to the resources www.fcior.edu.ru (sections of the open source software) that are directly related to training in your future profession (Table 1).

Figure 1 - Site "Single Window"

Table 1

Task 2.

Make a table links to library sites region (5 or more links) in which you live using the Internet. Parameters: title, location, official site or page.

Task 3.

Pick up collection of works favorite artist (3 or more paintings), using the electronic exhibition on the website of the Tretyakov Gallery Museum (http://www.tretyakovgallery.ru/). Parameters: author, title, year, materials, owner or storage location.

Task 4.

Make a translation several phrases online, using the website of the computer translator Promt (http://www.promt.ru/).

Type

Methodology for working with information resources. Topic: Working with information and educational resources Methods of working with information resources

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